MEDUSA. I. 



ground-plane, and though the peculiar structure of the gonads of Chromatonema places that genus in 

 opposition to the other members of the family Laodiceidce, this structure does not contradict the 

 supposition of a generic relationship. 



The parallel between the structure of the gonads of Chromatonema and of the Tiaridce men- 

 tioned above is hardly a casual one. There is, in fact, a striking resemblance between the gonads of 

 Chromatonema and the eight adradial rows of gonadial sacks, communicating with the bell-cavity 

 through transversal fissures in the outer surface of the manubrium in a Calycopsis (see the figure of 

 Bigelow, copied by Hartlaub, 1913, p. 347, and the transversal section, Vanhoffen, 1911, Textfig. 

 loa, p. 216, copied by Hartlaub, 1913, p. 348. Compare also Hartlaub's Fig. 238, (1913, p. 287) of 

 the gonads of a young Leuckartiara octona, seen from the inner side of the manubrium). The impor- 

 tance of the resemblances between the gonads of the Tiarida and the gonads of Chromatonema and 

 the other Laodiceidce is mentioned above in the introduction to the family Laodiceida (pp. 6 7). The 

 marginal appendages of Chromalonema and their relations to the corresponding organs of the other 

 Laodiceida and the Tiarida were also mentioned above. 



Thus my considerations with regard to the systematical position of Chromatonema lead to the 

 result, that it belongs to the family Laodiceidce, among which it takes a low position, presenting several 

 features pointing to the connection with the Tiarida. Its position among the Laodiceidce is, however-, 

 not only a low, but also in certain regards a singular position, particularly owing to the peculiar 

 structure of the gonads, and it seems probable that the genus has arisen from some other group of 

 Tiarid(p than the predecessors of the other members of the Laodiceidce. 



Genus Laodicea Lesson. 



Laodicea undulata (Forbes & Goodsir). 



Plate II, figs. 18. 

 ? Medusa cruciata Forskal 1775. Descriptiones Animalium, p. no. 1776. Icones rerum uaturalium. 



Tab. 5, Fig. A. 

 Thaumantias undulata Forbes and Goodsir 1851. Transact. Royal Soc. Edinb. Vol. XX, p. 313. 



Plate 10, fig. 7. 



mediterranea Gegenbauer 1856. -- Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. Bd. VIII, p. 237. Taf. 8, Fig. 13. 

 Laodicea calcarata A. Agassiz, in 1,. Agassiz 1862. Contrib. Nat. Hist. U. S. Vol. 4, p. 350. 

 Laodice ulothrix Haeckel 1879. System d. Medusen, p. 133. Taf. 8, Fig. 5 7. 

 Laodicea marama A. Agassiz and Mayer 1899. Acalephs, Fiji Islands. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Vol. 



XXXII, p. 162. Plate 3, figs. 78. 



Laodice indica Browne 1905 b. -- Pearl Oyster Fisheries, Suppl. Rep. 27, p. 136. Plate I, fig. 5; Plate IV, 

 figs. 7 ii. 



Browne 1907. Revision of the ... Laodiceidae. -- Ann. Mag. Nat Hist. Ser. 7, Vol. XX, 

 p. 460. 

 Laodicea cruciata Mayer 1910. Medusae of the World, p. 201. Textfigs. 104105. Plate 21, figs. 4 and 5; 



Plate 22, figs. 26; Plate 23, figs. 13. 

 Bigelowi Neppi et Stiasny 1911. Zool. Anz. Bd. 38, p. 396. 



