8o ACTINIARIA 



the uppermost part of the column would possibly make this species entitled to a position among the Pro- 

 tactininae, but as a similar distribution of the ectodermal muscles and the spirocysts also occurs in the genus 

 Halcampa, though these organs do not reach as far down in the latter species as in Limnactinia laevis, 

 I think that we may, at least provisionally, place it with the Athenaria. It is, besides, possible that the pre- 

 sence of the ectodermal muscles in the column is a secondary feature arisen in connection with the manner 

 of living of the animal. In the second species of the genus I have not found any ectodermal muscles in the 

 column, but only spirocysts. 



Fam. Halcampoididae. 



Diagnosis: Athenaria (Abasilaria) generally with elongated body and with proximal body-end 

 physa-shaped or flattened. No sphincter or a very weak endodermal one. Tentacles always present, com- 

 monly with more than 8 perfect mesenteries (in Synhalcampella 1 only the " Edwardsia-mesenteries" per- 

 fect). No acontia. Ciliated streaks present, rarely discontinuous. 



To this family which is identical with the Halcampomorphidae, proposed by myself, I refer, as above 

 mentioned (p. 21), Halcampoides Dan.,Acthelmis Liitk., Phytocoetes Ann. and Halcampella Andr., the last genus 

 under the supposition that the type, as yet not examined in detail, H.endromitataA.ndr., has no mesogloeal 

 sphincter 1 ; further Scytophorus R. Hertw., Pentactinia Carlgr., Harenactis Torrey, Siphonactinopsis Carlgr., 

 Mesacmaea Andres (the last genus under the same supposition as Halcampella). Peachia Gosse, Eloactis 

 Andres, Haloclava Verrill, and finally also Polyopis R. Hertw. may be placed to this family (compare below). 

 I have above (p. 19-20) more amply discussed the correctness of placing Peachia, Eloactis and Haloclava in one 

 particular family. On account of the arrangement of the tentacles the shorter are off-shoots of the endo- 

 coels we might possibly establish a sub-family Peachiinae for these genera, and bring together the others 

 in a sub-family Halcampoidinae with the endocoel-tentacles of the first order longer or as long as the other 

 tentacles. The column is smooth in Halcampoides, A cthelmis, Phytocoetes, Harenactis, Siphonactinopsis, Mesacmaea 

 and Peachia; in Halcampella, Scytophorus and Pentactinia furnished with "//a/cawz^a-papillae" ; in Eloactis with 

 low, rounded papilliform thickenings, mainly composed by the ectoderm, and in Haloclava with longitudinal 

 lines of ampullaceous papillae in the distal part of the body-wall. The papilliform thickenings of Eloactis 



1 Probably Halcampella endromitata has no sphincter. To judge from the arrangement of the mesenteries, this species seems 

 to agree with Halcampella maxima and with a new species, H. robu&ta, not as yet described by me. They have no sphincter, and the very 

 weakly developed, imperfect mesenteries only occur in the most distal part of the body. A schematic figure, placed at my disposal 

 by Dr. Andres, namely shows that in H. endromitala only 12 mesenteries are developed below the actinopharynx. In contradistinc- 

 tion to this, the imperfect mesenteries are developed along the whole body in the genus Cactosoma, which within the family Halcam- 

 pidae corresponds to Halcampella within the Halcampoididae. Concerning the Halcampella Ousiromovi, described by Wyragewitch 

 (1905), its systematic position is dubious. Its very little size (the animal was z 3 mm long), its inconsiderably developed reproduc- 

 tive organs and its other structural features, indicate that the species has not yet gained its definitive size. W. declares that it has 

 no sphincter; it is, however, possible that it was overlooked by him, because of the littleness of the animal. Below the actinopha- 

 rynx there are unto 32 mesenteries developed, which seem to indicate that we possibly have to do with a Cactosoma. 



If we do, however, so far see good to accept the statement of W., concerning the sphincter, it is necessary to propose a new 

 genus for H. Ousiromovi. The new genus, Synhalcampella, may be characterized as follows: 



Halcampoididae with the column divisible into three regions, physa, scapus and capitulum. Physa without apertures. Scapus 

 probably with "//a/rama-papillae." No sphincter. Tentacles more than 12, rather short, dactyliform. Siphonoglyphes probably in- 

 distinct, without a conchula. 2 pairs of directives. Only the "W!Ka-<toa-mesenterie.s" perfect, with pennons (only the 2 lateral couples 

 of mesenteries fertile and with filaments). The 5th and the 6th couples and the mesenteries of the younger cycles weak, without 

 pennons along the whole or almost the whole length of the column. 



