i8o 



ACTINIARIA 



organs and filaments, the other half none. The latter occupied the same place as in E, marsupialis. The 

 mesenteries with filaments commonly were perfect, the mesenteries of the third cycle, however, did not always 

 reach the actinopharynx, which may be concluded from the number of tentacles. The longitudinal pennons 

 commonly were broad with palisade-shaped, rather high folds. The parietobasilar and the basilar muscles 

 were like those of E. marsupialis. Oral stomata were present; I have not observed any marginal stomata. 

 Three examined specimens were females, two males. 



The above description is based on the material from the expedition of "Michael Sars". 



Systematic remarks. I have, though with some hesitation, identified this species with Verrill's 

 Pseudophellia arctica, especially on account of Verrill's description of the cuticle ("thick and soft") and the 

 presence of brood-rooms in the proximal part of the body. Verrill, however, declares that his species has 

 a greater number of mesenteries ("24 perfect pairs with a few imperfect ones"). Still Verrill's description 

 is rather imperfect. A control examination of the mesenteries, as well as a study of the nematocysts, are 

 necessary, to decide whether Verrill's species is identical with the species, described here. 



The species is very nearly allied to E. marsupialis, and I was at first inclined to place them together. 

 On account of the different appearance of the cuticle in both species, in marsupialis it is thin and solid, in 

 arctica thick and soft, and of the greater length of the nematocysts in the column in arctica, I think that they 

 are not identical. The above named nematocysts of E. arctica are namely also in small specimens shorter 

 than those of E. marsupialis. Also in some other characters the species seem to disagree. The species described 

 below is also nearly related to both these species, from which it differs by a regular development of the mesen- 

 teries of the third cycle. 



Epiactis nordmanni n. sp. 



Diagnosis: Column in contracted state conical, in height surpassing the diameter of the body. Column 

 without a cuticle(P). Fossa distinct. Sphincter palmate. Tentacles conical, rather small, not or slightly longi- 

 tudinally sulcated, 48 in number, hexamerously arranged. Actinopharynx long, with about 24 longitudinal 

 ridges and two well developed siphonoglyphes with distinct gonidial tubercles, but without aboral prolong- 

 ations. Pairs of mesenteries 24, all perfect in three cycles. Longitudinal muscle pennons of the mesenteries 

 rather strong, broad, the muscle folds of uniform breadth. Parietobasilar muscles strong, almost reacliing 

 the sphincter. Oral stomata present but no marginal stomata. Dioecious. All mesenteries with reproduct- 

 ive organs and filaments. Nematocysts in the ectoderm of the column 26 31 X 2,5 ft, in the tentacles 22 

 26x2 [i, in the actinopharynx 31 36x3 3,5 p. Spirocysts of the tentacles 19 X I 24 X 1,5 /*. 

 Colour in alcohol: Column olive-brown, tentacles pale salmon-coloured. 



