CONTENTS. VU 



CHAPTER XIV. 



CHRONOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF THE GLACIAL PERIOD AND THE EARLIEST 



SIGNS OF man's APPEARANCE IN EUROPE — Continued. 



Signs of extinct Glaciers in Wales — Great Submergence of Wales during the 

 Glacial Period proved by Marine Shells — Still greater Depression inferred 

 from stratified Drift — Scarcity of organic Remains in Glacial Formations — 

 Signs of extinct Glaciers in England — Ice-Action in Ireland — Maps 

 illustrating successive Revolutions in Physical Geography during the Post- 

 Pliocene Period — Southernmost Extent of Erratics in England — Successive 

 Periods of Junction and Separation of England, Ireland, and the Continent 

 — Time required for these Changes — Probable Causes of the Upheaval and 

 Subsidence of the Earth's Crust — Antiquity of Man considered in relation 

 to the Age of the existing Fauna and Flora Page 265 



CHAPTER XV. 



EXTINCT GLACIERS OF THE ALPS, AND THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL RELATION TO 

 THE HUMAN PERIOD. 



Extinct Glaciers of Switzerland — Alpine Erratic Blocks on the Jura^ — Not 

 transported by floating Ice — Extinct Glaciers of the Italian Side of 

 the Alps — -Theory of the Origin of Lake-Basins by the erosive Action of 

 Glaciers, considered — Successive Phases in the Development of Glacial 

 Action in the Alps — Probable Relation of these to the earliest known Date 

 of Man — Correspondence of the same with successivjB Changes in the Glacial 

 Condition of the Scandinavian and British Mountains — Cold Period in 

 Sicily and Syria 290 



CHAPTER XVI. 



HUMAN REMAINS IN THE LOESS, AND THEIR PROBABLE AGE. 



Nature, Origin, and Age of the Loess of the Rhine and Danube — Impalpable 

 Mud produced by the grinding Action of Glaciers — Dispersion of this Mud 

 at the Period of the Retreat of the great Alpine Glaciers — Continuity of 

 the Loess from Switzerland to the Low Countries — Characteristic organic 

 Remains not Lacustrine — Alpine Gravel in the Valley of the Rhine covered 

 by Loess — Geographical Distribution of the Loess and its Height above the 

 Sea — Fossil Mammalia — Loess of the Danube — Oscillations in the Level 

 of the Alps and lower Country required to explain the Formation and 

 Denudation of the Loess — More rapid Movement of the inland Country — 

 The same Depression and Upheaval might account for the Advance and 

 Retreat of the Alpine Glaciers — Himalayan Mud of the Plains of the 

 Ganges compared to European Loess — Human Remains in Loess near 

 Maestricht, and their probable Antiquity '624 



