CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER IV. 



POST-PLIOCENE PEHIOD. 

 BONES OF MAN AND EXTINCT MAMMALIA IN BELGIAN CAVEENS. 



Earliest Discoveries in Caves of Languedoc of Human Remains witli Bones of 

 extinct Mammalia — Researches in 1833 of Dr. Schmerling in the Liege 

 Caverns — Scattered Portions of Human Skeletons associated with Bones of 

 Elephant and Rhinoceros — Distribution and probable Mode of Introduction 

 of the Bones — Implements of Flint and Bone — Schmerling's Conclusions as 

 to the Antiquity of Man ignored — Present State of the Belgian Caves — 

 Human Bones recently found in Cave of Engihoul — Engulfed Rivers — 

 Stalagmitic Crust — Antiquity of the Human Remains in Belgium, how 

 proved Page 59 



CHAPTER V. 



POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD. 

 FOSSIL HUMAN SKULLS OF THE NEANDERTHAL AND ENGIS CAVES. 



Human Skeleton found in Cave near DUsseldorf — Its geological Position and 

 probable Age — Its abnormal and ape-like Characters — Fossil Human Skull 

 of the Engis Cave near Liege — Professor Huxley's Description of these 

 Skulls — Comparison of each, with extreme Varieties of the native Austra- 

 lian Race — Range of Capacity in the Human and Simian Brains — Skull from 

 Borreby in Denmark — Conclusions of Professor Huxley — Bearing of the 

 peculiar Characters of the Neanderthal Skull on the Hypothesis of Transmu- 

 tation '5 



CHAPTER VI. 



POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM AND CAVE DEPOSITS WITH FLINT IMPLEMENTS. 



General Position of Drift with extinct Mammalia in Valleys — Discoveries of 

 M. Boucher de Perthes at Abbeville — Flint Implements found also at 

 St. Achcul, near Amiens — Curiosity awakened by the systematic Explora- 

 tion of the Brixham Cave — Flint Knives in same, with Bones of extinct 

 Mammalia — Superposition of Deposits in the Cave — Visits of English and 

 French Geologists to Abbeville and Amiens 93 



CHAPTER VII. 



PEAT AND POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM OF THE VALLEY OF THE SOMME. 



Geological Structure of the Valley of the Somme and of the surrounding 

 Country — Position of Alluvium of different Ages — Peat near Abbeville — 

 Its animal and vegetable Contents — "Works of Art in Peat — Probable 

 Antiquity of the Peat, and Changes of Level since its Growth began — Flint 

 Implements of antique Type in older Alluvium — Their various Forms and 

 great Numbers 106 



