CHAP. IV. REMAINS IN THE ENGIS AND ENGIHOUL CAVES. 65 



The incompleteness of each skeleton was especially ascer- 

 tained in regard to the human subjects, Dr. Schmerling being 

 careful, whenever a fragment of such presented itself, to ex- 

 plore the cavern himself, and see whether any other bones of 

 the same skeleton could be found. In the Eno-is cavern, dis- 

 tant about eight miles to the southwest of Liege, on the left 

 bank of the Meuse, the remains of at least three human indi- 

 viduals were disinterred. The skull of one of these, that of a 

 young person, was imbedded by the side of a mammoth's tooth. 

 It was entire, but so fragile, that nearly all of it fell to pieces 

 during its extraction. Another skull, that of an adult in- 

 dividual (see fig. 2, p. 81), and the only one preserved by 

 Dr. Schmerling in a sufficient state of integrity to enable the 

 anatomist to speculate on the race to which it belonged, was 

 buried five feet deep in a breccia, in which the tooth of a 

 rhinoceros, several bones of a horse, and some of the reindeer, 

 together with some ruminants, occui*red. This skull, now in 

 the museum of the University of Liege, is figured in Chap. Y., 

 where further observations will be offered on its anatomical 

 character, after a fuller account of the contents of the Liego 

 caverns has been laid before tlie reader. \ 



On the right bank of the Meuse, on the opposite side of 

 the river to Engis, is the cavern of Engihoul. Both were 

 observed to abound greatly in the bones of extinct animals 

 mingled with those of man- but with this difference, that 

 whereas in the Engis cave there were several human crania 

 and very few other bones, in Engihoul there occurred nu- 

 merous bones of the extremities belonging to at least three 

 human individuals, and only two small fragments of a cra- 

 nium. The like capricious distx'ibution held good in other 

 caverns, especially with reference to the cave-bear, the most 

 frequent of the extinct mammalia. Thus, for example, in 

 the cave of Chokier, skulls of the bear were few, and other 

 parts of the skeleton abundant, whereas in several other 



