NEANDERTHAL SKELETON. 75 



CHAPTER V. 



POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD FOSSIL HUMAN SKULLS OF THE 



NEANDERTHAL AND ENGIS CAVES. 



HUMAN SKELETON FOUND IN CAVE NEAR DUSSELDOKF ITS GEOLOGICAL 



POSITION AND PROBABLE AGE ITS ABNORMAL AND APE-LIKE CHA- 

 RACTERS FOSSIL HUMAN SKULL OF THE ENGIS CAVE NEAR LI^GE 



PROFESSOR Huxley's description of these skulls — comparison 



OF each, with extreme varieties of the native AUSTRALIAN 



race range of capacity in the human and SIMIAN BRAINS 



SKULL FROM BORREBY IN DENMARK CONCLUSIONS OF PROFESSOR 



HUXLEY BEARING OF THE PECULIAR CHARACTERS OF THE NEAN- 

 DERTHAL SKULL ON THE HYPOTHESIS OF TRANSMUTATION. 



Fossil human Skeleton of the Neanderthal Cave near 

 Dusseldorf. 



T)EPOEE I speak more iDarticulai'ly of the opinions which 

 -'-^ anatomists have expressed respecting the osteological 

 characters of the human skull from Engis, near Liege, 

 mentioned in the last chapter and described by Dr. Schmer- 

 ling, it will be desirable to say something of the geological 

 position of another skull, or rather skeleton, which, on 

 account of its peculiar conformation, has excited no small 

 sensation in the last few j'ears. I allude to the skull found 

 in 1857, in a cave situated in that part of the valley of the 

 Dlissel, near Diisseldorf, which is called the Neanderthal. 

 The spot is a deep and narrow ravine about seventy English 

 miles northeast of the region of the Liege caverns treated 

 of in the last chapter, and close to the village and railway- 

 station of Hochdal between Diisseldorf and Elberfeld. The 

 cave occurs in the precipitous southern or left side of the 

 winding ravine, about sixty feet above the stream, and a 



