CHAP. V. SKULL OF ENGIS, NEAR LI£gE. 79 



modes by barbarous nations in the Old and New World, 

 the skull being quite symmetrical, and showing no indication 

 of counter-pressure at the occiinit; whereas, according to 

 Morton, in the Flat-heads of the Columbia, the frontal and 

 parietal bones are always unsymmetrical.* On the whole, 

 Professor Schaaffhausen concluded that the individual to 

 whom the Neanderthal skull belonged must have been dis- 

 tinguished by small cerebral development, and uncommon 

 strength of corporeal frame. 



When on mj^ return to England I showed the cast of the 

 cranium to Professor Huxley, he remarked at once that it 

 was the most ape-like skull he had ever beheld. Mr. Busk, 

 after giving a translation of Professor Schaaffhausen's me- 

 moir in the Natural History Review,| added some valuable 

 comments of his own on the characters in which this skull 

 approached that of the gorilla and chimpanzee. 



Professor Huxley afterwards studied the cast with the 

 object of assisting me to give illustrations of it in this work, 

 and in doing so discovered, what had not previously been 

 observed, that it was quite as abnormal in the shape of its 

 occipital as in that of its frontal or superciliary region. 

 Before citing his words on the subject, I will offer a few 

 remarks on . the Engis skull M'hich the same anatomist has 

 compared with that of the Neanderthal. 



Fossil Skull of the Engis Cave Jiear Liege. 



Among six or seven human skeletons, portions of which 

 were collected by Dr. Schmerling from three or four caverns 

 near Liege, imbedded in the same matrix with the remains of 

 the elephant, rhinoceros, bear, hj^ena, and other extinct qua- 

 drupeds, the most perfect skull, as I have before stated, p. 65, 

 was that of an adult individual found in the cavern of Engis. 



* Natural History Review, No. 2, p. 160. f No. 2, 1861. 



