546 



M. PUGGAARD S CONCLUSIONS. 



CHAP. XVII. 



great denudation which accompanied the disturbances, por- 

 tions of the bent strata having been removed, probably while 

 they were emerging from beneath the sea. 



Fig. 49. 



Post-glacial disturbances of vertical, folded, and shifted strata of chalk and drift, 

 in the Dronningestol Moen, height 400 feet (Puggaard). 



1 Chalk, with flints. 



2 Marine stratified loam, lowest member of glacial formation. 

 .3 Blue clay or till, with erratic blocks unstratified. 



4 Yellow sandy till, with pebbles and glaciated boulders. 



5 Stratified sand and gravel with erratics. 



M. Puggaard has deduced the following conclusions from 

 his study of these cliffs. 



Ist. The white chalk, Avhen it was still in horizontal strati- 

 fication, but after it had suffered considerable denudation, 

 subsided gradually, so that the lower beds of drift No. 2, with 

 their littoral shells, were superimposed on the chalk in a 

 shallow sea. 



2d. The overlying unstratified boulder-clays 3 and 4 were 

 thrown down in deeper water by the aid of floating ice coming 

 from the north. 



3d. Irregular subsidences then began, and occasionally 

 partial failures of support, causing the bending and sometimes 

 the engulfment of overlying masses both of the chalk and 

 drift, and causing the various dislocations above described 

 and depicted. The downward movement continued till it 

 exceeded 400 feet, for upon the surface even of Xo. 5, in some 

 parts of the island, lie huge erratics twenty feet or more in 



