CHAP, XXIV. OF MAN AND APES COMPARED. 485 



marmoset resemble each other by the quadruple character of 

 a rudimentary olfactory lobe, a posterior lobe completely 

 covering the cerebellum, a well-defined fissure of Sylvius 

 (ff,fig. 56), and, lastly, a posterior horn in the lateral ventricle. 

 These characters are not met with together, except in Man 

 and the apes."* 



In reference to the other figure of a monkey given by 

 Professor Owen, namely, that of the Midas, one of the 

 Marmosets, he states in 1857, as he had done in 1837, 

 that the posterior part of the cerebral hemispheres "extends, 

 as in most of the quadrumana, over the greater jmrt of the 

 cerebellum."-f In 1859, in his Eeade Lecture, delivered to 

 the University of Cambridge, the only illustration which he 

 gave of an ape's brain was a reproduction of that distorted 

 one of the Dutch anatomists already cited (fig. 54, p. 482). 



Two years later. Professor Huxley, in a memoir "On the 

 Zoological Eolations of Man with the Lower Animals," took 

 occasion to refer to Gratiolet's warning, and to cite his 

 criticism on the Dutch platcs;J but this reminder appears 

 to have been overlooked by Professor Owen, who six months 

 later came out with a new paper on '■' The Cerebral Character 

 of Man and the Ape," in Avhich he repeated the incorrect re- 

 presentation of Schroeder van der Kolk and Yrolik, associating 

 it with Tiederaann's figure of a negro's brain, expressly to 

 show the relative and diiferent extent to Avhich the cerebellum 

 is overlapped by the cerebrum in the two cases respectively. § 

 In the ape's brain as thus depicted, the portion of the cere- 

 bellum left uncovered is greater than in the lemurs, the lowest 

 type of Primates, and almost as large as in the rodentia, or 

 some of the lowest grades of the mammalia. 



* Gratiolet, ibid. Avant-propos, J Huxley, Natural History Review, 



p. 2, 185i. January 7, 1861, p. 76. 



f Proceedings of the Linnajan So- § Annals and Magazine of Natural 



ciety, 1857, p. 18, and Philosophical History, vol. vii. p. 466, and PL XX., 



Transactions, 1837, p. 93. June, 1861. 



