284 



DISSERTATION ON THE 



The reader will find the inftance which I refer to in 

 one of the paintings found at Herculaneum ; it reprefenis 

 a grotefque, or emblematic carriage, being one of 

 thofe fingle cars drawn by a hawk or parrot, and 

 -driven by a grafshopper. Here, as in the drawing 

 from the Tufcan vafes, the fide pieces of the floor or 

 TovoQ of the body of the chariot continued make the 

 fliafts. 



It has been remarked above, that the ancients, in the 

 moll early ufe of the chariots, ufed as many poles as 

 they had yokes, or pairs of horfes in the carriage 

 abreaft ; but this was not always fo, for we read in 

 Homer, in the cafe of Achilles's chariot, of an additional 

 extrajugal horfe 5 as alfo in that of Priam's chariot, of 

 two extrajugal horfes. I fhall therefore proceed to de- 

 fcribe the manner in which they harnefled thofe ex- 

 trajugal horfes, when they ufed one or two additional 

 harnefled in this manner. It was very fimple, and will 

 therefore be the more eafily explained and underftood : 

 . It appears that the ancients wifely ftudied in thefe ar- 

 maments, to avoid every unneceflary matter that might 

 become the occafion of embarraflTment or entanglement 

 in the execution. 



As to the harnefs of this extrajugal horfe, it does 

 not appear that any other was ufed (as indeed not ne- 

 ceflary) than the lepadna or collar. For this horfe bore no 

 part of the weight of the chariot, nor was he in any 

 way concerned in flopping it, but fimply for drawing j 

 and he drew by a trace called a|WT^ov, inftead of a pole. 



^ This 



