CHAPTER VII 



FARMYARD MANURE 



Variable Composition of Farmyard Manure — The Fate of the 

 Constituents of Food during Digestion and Excretion — 

 Composition of Urine and Fasces of Farm Animals — 

 Fermentation Changes taking place during the Making of 

 Dung — The Breakdown of the Nitrogenous Bodies and of 

 the Carbohydrates — Gases found in the Dunghill — Losses of 

 Nitrogen during the making of Farmyard Manure — Pre- 

 servatives used to minimise the Losses during Dung-making — 

 Composition of Farmyard Manure — Cake-fed v. Ordinary 

 Manure — Long and Short Manure — London Dung — The 

 Value of Fresh Manure — The Fertilising Value of Farmyard 

 Manure — Recovery of its Nitrogen in the Crop — Long 

 Duration of the Action of Farmyard Manure — Farmyard 

 Manure as a Carrier of Weeds or Disease — The Physical 

 Effects of Farmyard Manure upon the Soil — The Improvement 

 in Texture and Water-retaining Power — Value of Farmyard 

 Manure as a Mulch on Grass Land — Farmyard Manure best 

 utilised for the Root Crop or Grass Land — Value of Farmyard 

 Manure : Cost of making One Ton. 



Farmyard manure, foldyard manure, yard manure, and 

 dung are all terms employed in various parts ol the 

 country for the same more or less decomposed mixture 

 of the excreta of domestic animals with the straw or 

 other litter that is used in the yards or stalls to absorb 

 the liquid portions and keep the animal clean. Probably 

 it would be more correct to retain dung as a name for 

 the excreta alone, and farmyard manure for the product 

 that leaves the yards, but it is impossible in practice to 

 observe any such distinction. It follows, from its origin, 



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