FOOD CONTROL IN GERMANY 147 



either established, or threatened to estabHsh, piibhc 

 meat-markets. The desired results were secured. 

 In Stuttgart prices for meat, uniform for the whole 

 city, were fixed monthly by a joint committee of 

 representatives of the town council and the butch- 

 ers' guild. 



Some towns have long dealt directly in milk and 

 other farm produce. The reason assigned for the 

 municipal sale of milk is to reduce infant mortality. 

 Berlin owns dairies on the municipal irrigation farms 

 — the same farms which supply the city's institu- 

 tions and poor relief. The milk is distributed from 

 seventy centres, usually schools. Dortmund has a 

 model municipal dairy for the use of its pubHc in- 

 stitutions. Bielefeld subsidizes a co-operative dairy- 

 company and pro\ades it with kiosks for the sale of 

 milk and carts to carry it to the working-class sec- 

 tions of the town. Labor organizations and co- 

 operative societies sometimes share with the town 

 in the cost of establishing such services. The cen- 

 tral municipal milk depot of Mannheim obtains its 

 supplies from co-operative dairies. 



Leipzig, Ulm, Magdeburg, and other cities carry 

 on dairy-farming and stock-breeding on a com- 

 mercial basis. The city of Stuttgart encourages 

 the formation of co-operative societies of consumers 

 for the purchase of milk direct from the producer. 

 This city intended at first to undertake the busi- 

 ness of itself distributing milk, but finally decided 



