210 THE HIGH COST OF LIVING 



The report shows that these holdings are inter- 

 locked in such a way that they form substantially 

 a single holding. It states further: "The Southern 

 Pacific has 4,318,000 acres in northern California 

 and western Oregon and, with the Union Pacific, 

 which controls it, millions of acres elsewhere. The 

 Northern Pacific owns 3,017,000 acres of timber- 

 land and millions more of non-timbered land. The 

 Weyerhauser Timber Company owns 1,945,000 

 acres. In Florida, three holders have 4,200,000 

 acres and the 182 largest timber-holders have over 

 16,990,000 acres, nearly one-half the land area of 

 the State. In the whole investigation area the 

 1,802 largest holdings of timber involve 79,092,000 

 acres of timber-land, and in addition some of these 

 holders own 10,652,000 acres lying in timbered 

 parts but not now bearing merchantable timber. 

 Finally, to timber concentration and to land con- 

 centration is added, in our most important timber 

 section, a closely connected railroad domination. 

 The formidable possibilities of this combination 

 in the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere are of the 

 gravest pubHc importance. In the last forty years 

 concentration has so proceeded that 195 holders, 

 many interrelated, now have practically one-half 

 of the privately owned timber in the investigation 

 area (which contains 80 per cent, of the whole). 

 This formidable process of concentration in timber 

 and in land certainly involves grave future pos- 



