IV 



MA^^UAL OF MODERJf FARRIERY. 



vf. The molar teeth, or grinders. 



X, X. The tongue. 



y. The posterior maxillary, or jaw, with its incisor. 



z, z. The lips. 



1. The thyroid cartilage. 



2. The epiglottis. 



3. The arytenoid, or funnel-shaped cartilages. 



4. The trachea, or windpipe. 



5. One of the chords concerned in the voice. 



6. The ventricle of the larynx. 



7. The opening into thea ostril. 



8. The soft palate. 



y. The muscle of the neck 



10. The cricoid cartilage. 



11. The oesophagus, or gullet. 



12. The upper incisory teeth. 



13. The lower ditto. 



14. The posterior maxillary or jawbone. 



15. A portion of the os hyoides. 



See p. 194, &c. 



Pig. 4. Eye of the Horse. 



The pupil is oblong, and placed transversely. 

 See page 201, &c. 



Fig. 5. The Eye of the Horse. 



a, a, e, d. Foui' muscles of the eye. 

 c. Hook holding up the muscle b,b. 



f. Another roiiscle of the eye. 

 i. The ills ol tie eya 



k. The pupiL 



See p. 201, &c. 



PLATE IV. 



Teeth of the Horse from a- week old to six yoara. 



See page 213, &c. 



PLATE V. 

 Teeth of the Horse from seven to fifteen years. 



Fig. 1 to 6. Teeth from seven to seventeen years. 



7. Tooth of a foal viewed anteriorly : a, the 



body of the tooth ; b, the neck ; c, the root. 



8. Tooth of a foal, viewed from its inner sui-- 



face. 



9. Incisory tooth of a young horse, divided 

 throughout : a, exterior cavity ; 6, extrem- 

 ity of the funnel. 



10. Teeth of a very young foal, cut through, 



to show the central enamel. 



11. Incisory tooth of a young horse, showing 

 the lower portion of the funnel. 



12. Incisory tooth of a horse, divided into two 

 parts, its whole length. 



13. 14, 15, 16, 17. Five transverse sections of 



the teeth of a young horse. See p. 229, &c. 

 18. Teeth of a horse which had attained his 

 76th year. 



See p. 225 and 230. 



PLATE VL 

 fig. 1. Muscles, &c. of the Fore-legs of the Horse. 



a, A portion of the sterno maxillaris, p. 232. 



b, i, is a muscle which raises the shoulder, p. 233. 



c, d. The serratus major, p. 233. 



e, f. Portions of the trapezius muscle, p. 234. 



g. The pectoral muscle, p. 234. 



h. The antca spinatus muscle, p. 234. 



i. See the description at b, p. 235. 



k. The postea spina^tus muscle, p. 235. 



1. This muscle gives action to the principal mus- 

 cle extending from the shoulder to tlie lower 

 bone of the shoulder, and is employed in 

 drawing this bone towards the shoulder-blade. 



and bending the whole of the limb. Exceed- 

 ingly powerful action is required from thia 

 muscle, and consequently it is very ten- 

 dinous, and is inserted m such a direction 

 as to act with great mechanical advantage ; 

 and that advantage is increased in propor- 

 tion to the slanting of the shoulder. 



m. The scapula-olecranis. 



n. The skin di-awna back. 



0, q, t. Three divisions of a muscle, concerned 

 with p in raising the arm, and of which they 

 are the gi-and agents in extending. 



t. The middle flexor muscle, p. 235. 



u. One of the muscles which bend the arm, p..2i»5. 



w. The extensor of the leg, p. 236. 



X, The middle flexor, p. 236. 



2. The external flexor of the leg, p. 236. 



3. The principal artery, nerve, and vein, extend- 



ing down to 7, 4, and 5. 



7. The perforated flexor muscle, p. 236. 



8. The subcutaneous vein of the side of the chest. 



Fig. 2. Muscles on the Inside of the Shoulder. 



a. The flexor of the arm, p. 237. 



b. b. The pectoralis trausversus, or muscle which 



crosses the breast, p. 237. 



c. Represents the disease called capped hock, p.237. 

 g. The internal flexor. 



r. The principal veins, nerves, and arteries of the 

 shoulder and arm. 



Kg. 3. Bones of the Ti v ,; . 



a. The cofl&n bone, p. 244. 



b. The navicular bime, do. 



c. The lower pastern, or coronet bone, do. 



d. The upper pastern. 



e. The sesamoid bones. 



Fig. 4, 5, and 6. Front view of the Pastora. 



a,. The coffin bone, p. 245. 



b . The navicular bone. 



c. The lower pastern. 



d. The upper pastern. 



Fig. 7. Ner\-( 



Vein, and Artery of the Pastern 

 and Foot. 



a. The sole of the foot, p. 245, &c. 



b. The horny crust. 



c. The fleshy or sensible lamina;. 



d. The posterior lateral ligaments. 



e. The internal or sensible frog. 



f. The nerve which suppUes the fore part of the 



foot with feeUng. 



g. The lower part of the vein before the artery, 

 h. The same vein spreading over the pastern. 



i. The continuation of the nerve s. 



}. The extensors of the foot. 



k. The perforans nexor tendon. 



1. m. The di-sision of the nerve on the fetlock 



joint. 

 n. The tendinous band on which the flexor works 

 o. One of the flexor tendons, 

 p. The deeper flexor tendon, 

 q. The artery between the vein and nerve. 

 r. The vein before the artery, 

 s. The nerve on the inside of the off leg. 



Fig. 8. Illustrations of Defects of the Fore-leg. 



a. Situation of sandcrack, p. ltJ2. 



b. Ringbone, p. 126. 



c. Windgall, p. 120. 



d. Enlargement of the back sinews, p. 117. 



e. Splint, p. 114 and 246. 



f The tying- in of the leg below the kned. 

 h. Mallenders, p. 132. 



