190 MA.XUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY. 



form of the animal, which will convey a more correct 

 idea of the situation of the different bones as embodied in 

 the muscles ; and by comparing this view of the skeleton 

 with our representation of the perfect horse in plate 1, the 

 reader will have little difficulty in ascertaining the position 

 which the various bones occupy under the superincumbent 

 muscles. 



Fig. 1, I. The seven cervical vertebra, or bones of the neck. 



2. The sternum, fore part of the chest, or breast-bone. 



3. The scapula, or shoulder-blade. 



4. The humerus, or bone of the arm. 

 o. The radius, or bone of the fore-arm. 



6. The ulna, or elbow. 



7. The cartilages of the ribs. 



8. 8, 8. Tlie costae or ribs, seven or eight of which unite with, 



or are articulated to the sternum — these are called 

 the true ribs ; and ten or eleven are united tocrether 

 by cartilages, and are called the false ribs. 



9. The carpus, or knee, consisting of seven bones. 



10. 10. The metacarpal, or shank-bones : the larger metacarpal, 



or cannon, or shank-bone, in front, and the smaller 

 metacarpal, or splint-bone behind. 



11. The upper pastern. 



12. The lower pastern. 



13. The coffin-bone. 



14, 14. The eighteen dorsal vertebras, or bones of the back. 



15, The six lumbar vertebrae, or bones of the loins. 



16, 16. The haunch, consisting of the ilium, the ischium, and 



the pubis. 



17, 17. The femur, or thigh-bone. 



18, 18. The stifle-joint, with the patella, or knee-cap. 

 19, 19 The tibia, or proper leg-bone. 



20. The fibula. 



21. 21. The tarsus, or hock, composed of six bones. The 



prominent part behind is the os calcis, or point of the 

 hock. 



22. The metatarsal bones of the hind legs. 



