468 MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY. 



second cavity, a passage may be formed which leads directly 

 into the third stomach, e, without communicating with the 

 second, g. It would therefore seem that the process of 

 rumination is effected in the following manner : — The herb- 

 age when first swallowed in an unmasticated form passes 

 into the paunch, d, where it accumulates, and undergoes a 

 kind of preliminary mastication. When this paunch is 

 filled, the animal desists from grazing, and the food is again 

 regurgitated into the mouth to undergo that more complete 

 mastication. It then passes into the second stomach, or 

 king's hood, c ; and is there formed into a smooth, lubricated 

 bolus, which being expelled into the oesophagus, is imme- 

 diately seized by the spiral muscles surrounding that canal, 

 and forced forward into the mouth. After undergoing a 

 thorough trituration, the aliment is again swallowed, and 

 then enters the third stomach, e. Here it is spread out 

 over the extensive surface formed by the laminated walls 

 of the many plies, and is prepared for admission into the 

 last or true stomach, /. 



CHAPTER I. 



DISEASES OF THE HEAD AND NECK OF NEAT CATTLE. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN. 



Symptoms. — This fatal disease but seldom occurs in neat 

 cattle. The animal afflicted with the disorder exhibits a 

 frightful appearance ; he is unusually watchful, starts fre- 

 quently, and groans loudly, as if labouring under severe and 



