554 MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY. 



or houses constructed for the purpose ; and, if possible, these 

 should be in a yard, surrounded by a wall. The cattle 

 should be tied up in stalls ; and it will be found that they 

 feed faster than when running loose in a yard, and with 

 much less consumption of straw and fodder. 



A principal object with Mr. Hunter was, to obtain as 

 much manure as possible, and at same time to save the 

 urine. After the turnips are fully ripened, they are 

 gathered together in large quantities, and the roots are 

 separated from the leaves, Avith large knives, made of old 

 scythes, or knives purposely constructed, and as much of 

 the earth removed from them as possible, and then carried 

 into a barn, where they are deposited for use. The cattle 

 are first fed with the leaves, until they are exhausted, 

 which they eat with avidity when not withered. The tur- 

 nips should be as closely piled up as possible, and covered 

 with straw, to preserve them from frost. It must be ob- 

 served, that all the turnips are not removed from the ground 

 at once, but taken up from time to time, as the leaves may 

 be required for food. When turnips are permitted to re- 

 main in the ground during the whole winter, the green 

 parts are rendered useless by the alternations of frost and 

 thaw, and the turnips themselves much injured. 



The feeding-house should be at right-angles with the 

 barn ; and, at about three feet and a half distance from the 

 principal wall, there should be a series of troughs from 

 which the cattle feed. These should be constructed of 

 hewn pavement, which is preferable to wood. The floor 

 should be an inclined plane, on which the troughs rest, and 

 in the ends of each there ought to be an arched aperture 

 for the passage of water from one trough to the other, by 

 which means they are easily kept clean, by throwing a few 

 buckets of water into the higher one, and the last or lower 



