TARIFFS AND THE PRICE OF BREAD 83 

 " We found that Germany raised tariffs against every Effect of 

 other country, and that France, America, Russia, South imposts 

 America, Spain, Italy, Austria, and other countries in 

 Europe raised tariffs against her; but this did not stop 

 the expansion of her trade with other countries. 



" I went to Germany with an open mind with regard 

 to tariff reform, but had not gone far before I found that 

 something would have to be done to protect our in- 

 dustry at home. 



" It is reasonable to suppose that when the English 

 people awake to the losses actually incurred by them in 

 consequence of the high tariffs imposed by Germany and 

 other foreign countries, they will come to the only pos- 

 sible conclusions, that it is necessary, for the protection 

 of the English workman, that the foreigners should pay 

 for the use of the English market." 



Referring more especially to the price of bread, the 

 Commission says: 



" A loaf of rye bread at Crefeld, weighing four English 

 pounds, should cost 3fd., or roughly, 3|d. 



" The 41b. wheaten loaf, eaten at Gainsborough, costs 



" All these details spell prosperity; and even though 

 we do not go so far as to say they must be the direct re- 

 sult of the Imperial policy of protection, we are justified 

 in drawing attention to the fact that this auspicious 

 condition of things has been developing parallel to pro- 

 tective tariffs. 



" It was pointed out by us in our last report that the 

 prosperity of the last twenty years of German industry 



