534 CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. 



or subchelate on both sides (Glyphocrangon} ; 2nd pair minutely chelate 

 with a many- jointed carpus. Processa Leach ( = Nika Risso) a few littoral 

 old world spp. Glyphocrangon A. M.-Edw. G. rimapes Sp. B. with large 

 eyes, 1,715 faths. 



Fam. 14. Crangonidae. Rostrum short and flat, 3rd maxillipeds 

 slender ; 1st trunk-legs strong and subchelate, the 2nd and 3rd slender 

 and reduced. Crangon Fab. C. vulgaris L., the common shrimp. Sandy 

 shores of N. Hemisphere, resembling in colour the sand in which they 

 bury themselves. Nectocrangon Brandt ; Pontophilus Leach ; Pontocaris 

 Sp. B. ; Sabinea Owen, Arctic Ocean. Prionocrangon W.-M. and A. ; 

 Paracrangon Dana, 2nd trunk-legs obsolete. In Sclerocrangon Sars (S. 

 boreas) Sars found that the young are hatched in the adult form. 



Fam. 15. Gnathophyllidae. Rostrum compressed ; 3rd maxillipeds 

 very broad and foliaceous ; first trunk-legs chelate, smaller than 2nd. 

 Gnathophyllum Latreille, 5 spp. G. elegans Mediterranean. 



Section 2. MACRURA REPTANTIA. 



Body not laterally compressed ; abdomen well developed, the 

 first segment smaller than that which follows it, its pleura 

 clipping the carapace. Tail fin broad. Scale of second antenna 

 rarely flat, often spine-like, or absent. The first and third pairs 

 of trunk-legs, chelate or simple. The legs of the last thoracic 

 segment do not differ greatly from the others, and its sternum 

 is rarely free. 



The first and second families agree in the following characters. 

 Pterygostomial regions of the carapace fused in front with the 

 epistome. Rostrum small or wanting (except Palinurellus}. Inner lobes 

 of 2nd maxilla and 1st maxilliped reduced. An appendix interna on some 

 of the abdominal legs, at least in the female, but the exopodite of the 

 last pair is without a distinct suture. 



Fam. 1. Eryonidae. Carapace clipped by the 1st abdominal segment 

 alone. First joint of 2nd antenna not fused with the epistome, and a 

 scale-like exopodite is present. Unbranched limbs on 1st abdominal 

 segment. Tail fin without sutures. Telson pointed. Carapace depressed 

 with a lateral ridge of spines ending in front in a large forward-pointing 

 spine on the outer side of the empty orbit. Trunk-legs all chelate (except 

 in male of Polycheles), the first longest. Deep-sea forms, blind or nearly 

 so, found living on Globigerina ooze ; allied to Eryon a fossil of the Lias 

 and the Lithographic Stone of Bavaria (Upper Oolite). Polycheles Heller 

 ( = Pentacheles and Stereomastis Sp. Bate) ; Willemoesia Grote. 



Fam. 2. Scyllaridae (=Loricata). Carapace gripped between a lobe 

 on the 1st abdominal segment and a knob on the side of the last thoracic 

 segment ; first joint of 2nd antenna fused with epistome, and the appendage 

 bears no scale. None of the trunk-legs much longer than the rest, and 

 none chelate except the first pair in some cases, and the last in the females. 

 No legs on 1st abdominal segment. Tail fin with indistinct sutures. 

 Robust heavily-armoured forms ranging from shallow water to a depth 

 of several fathoms. The larva undergoes a remarkable metamorphosis, 

 being hatched as a flattened leaf -like creature, as clear as glass, known as 



