PODOGONA. 837 



Fam. Cryptostemmatidae. The single family with the characters of 

 the order contains two genera, Cryptostemma from West Africa and Cryp- 

 tocelis from South America, the former with six species, the latter with 

 two. The number of specimens which have been at the disposal of zoolo- 

 gists scarcely surpasses a score, and we know next to nothing of the inner 

 anatomy, the habits or the development of the'se curious forms. 



Order 8. PHALANGIDEA (OPILIONIDAE).* 



Tracheate Arachnids with segmented abdomen which is united 

 to the cephalothorax by its whole width, i.e. there is no waist ; there 

 are as a rule no spinning glands ; two simple eyes ; chelicerae 

 chelate but not the pedipalps which are not modified in the male ; 

 the female lays egg and the young resemble their parents. 



These creatures are usually known as " harvestmen." They 

 are of a fair size and are commonly mistaken for spiders, but 

 the absence of waist and the segmentation of the abdomen 

 serve to readily distinguish them. 



FIG. 549. Phalanjium opttio <J. 



The cephalothorax bears on its dorsal surface an elevation 

 or turret which is partially covered by spines and which bears 

 laterally the two simple eyes. The abdomen is pushed forward 

 on the ventral surface carrying on its anterior edge the generative 

 pore ; a cephalo thoracic sternum is present, but it is much 

 reduced and masked by this projection of the anterior edge of 



* Simon, Arachnides de France, vii, 1879. Ann. Soc. Entom. Belg., 

 xxii, 1879. Rossler, Zeitschr. wiss. ZooL, xxxvi, 1882. Sorensen, Nat. 

 Tidskr. (3), xiv, 1884. Thorell, Ann. Mus. Genova, viii, 1876. Pickard 

 Cambridge, Monograph of British Phalangids. 



