274 APPENDIX. 



pean species of the upper coal-formation, and the same fact has been 

 observed in the coal flora of the Cape Colony.* These facts bear 

 testimony to the remarkable uniformity of climate and vegetation in 

 the coal period, and I perfectly agree with Zeiller that they show, 

 when taken in connection with other parallelisms in fossils, an actual 

 contemporaneousness of the coal flora over the whole world. 



1. CARBONIFEROUS FLORA. 

 (1) Permo- Carboniferous Sub-Flora : 



This occurs in the upper member of the Carboniferous system of 

 Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, originally named by the 

 writer the Newer Coal-formation, and more recently the Permo- 

 Carboniferous, and the upper beds of which may not improbably be 

 contemporaneous with the Lower Permian or Lower Dyas of Europe. 

 In this formation there is a predominance of red sandstones and 

 shales, and it contains no productive beds of coal. Its fossil plants 

 are for the most part of species found in the Middle or Productive 

 Coal-formation, but are less numerous, and there are a few new forms 

 akin to those of the European Permian. The most characteristic 

 species of the upper portion of the formation, which has the most 

 decidedly Permian aspect, are the following : 

 Dadoxylon materiarium, Dawson. 



* Walchia (Araucarites) robusta, Dn. 



* W. (A.) gracilis, Dn. 



* W. imbricatula, Dn. 

 Catamites SucJcovii, Brongt. 

 C. Cistii, Brongt. 



* C. gigas, Brongt. 

 Neuropteris rarinervis, Bunbury. 

 Alethopteris nervosa, Brongt. 

 Pecopteris arborescens, Brongt. 



* P. rigida, Dn. 



P. oreopteroides, Brongt. 



* Cordaites simplex, Dn. 



Of these species, those marked with an asterisk have not yet been 

 found in the middle or lower members of the Carboniferous system. 

 They will be found described, and several of them figured, in my 

 " Report on the Geology of Prince Edward Island." f The others are 



* Grey, " Journal of the Geological Society," vol. xxvii. 

 t 1871. 



