192 GEOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 



Drift clays of bluffs, light color 50 to 70 feet . 



Bark, shelly limestone 2 ' 



Shale and black slate : 6 inches. 



Coal (No. 1) 4i feet 



Fire clay 1" 



All above the water level of the river. 



Half a mile below Aldrich's mine is the drift of Messrs. Johnson & 

 Kent. The upper part and outer edges of the seam here pass into a 

 very solid, shining cannel coal, with smooth surface and conchoidal 

 fracture. Messrs. Johnson & Kent believe the seam is not identical 

 with the one worked at Aldrich's mine. The roof is of soapstone and 

 shale, and there are some indications of two seams, ten or twelve feet 

 apart, but approaching each other under the hill. There is, evidently, 

 some local displacement here, and probably a local separation of the 

 seam, such as is witnessed occasionally in working the Coal Valley 

 seam. 



The next important workable locality is at Cleveland. Here, most of 

 the coal is quarried, not mined. The surface deposits are stripped off, 

 exposing the seam, which is from four and a half to five and a half feet 

 thick. The quality of the coal is similar to that at Coal Valley, except 

 that it is a little better. The ash is not so red, in fact is almost white, 

 and this is probably the better steam coal. 



Section at Cleveland, from the top of Rock River Bluff*. 



1. Bluff clays of the drift 50 to 60 feet. 



2. Whitish-brown, coarse sandstone 20 ' ' 25 



3. Gravel bed of ochre color 2 " 5 



4. Carbonaceous black shale 3 



5. Black limestone 2 



6. Coal seam 5 



7. Fire clay ' 12 



8. Hamilton limestone -- Bottom. 



Three or four mines are being worked in close proximity to each other. 

 Taylor Williams has a steam engine in operation, and he both strips 

 the seam and runs slanting drifts into it. Mr. Stokes and Mr. Jeffer- 

 son Taylor also mine to some extent. The basin or hollow, between the 

 two uplifts of the Hamilton limestone, in which this Cleveland coal seam 

 is found, is narrow at the place where the mines are worked, being only a 

 few hundred rods wide, and coming to almost a point in the bed of Eock 

 river. The coal seam widens out towards the south, but becomes thin 

 where it runs under the river bluffs. Still farther south, and about two 

 and a half miles from the Cleveland coal quarries, is the Green Eiver 

 Valley, which intersects the Eock Eiver Valley a few miles below. This 

 Green Eiver Valley, for several miles round Colona, is all underlaid by 

 the Cleveland coal seam. The south slope of the bluff range between 

 Eock river and Green river at this place, where prospected by borings, 

 also shows the seam or traces of it, at many places. The same seam 



