320 THE GEOLOGY OF MINNESOTA. 



[Quicklime. 



also abundant at present, much of that portion of the county being covered 

 by a heavy forest growth. 



The following list of lime-burners with their localities and estimated 

 production for the year, will give some idea of the extent of the business in 

 1874. 



Palmer & Miller, Bear creek, three kilns 2,000 bushels. 



N. E. Fetterly, Bear creek, three kilns, 5,000 bushels. 



L. G. Odell, Bear creek, three kilns (one draw-kiln) - - 5,000 bushels. 



Charles Gorton, Bear creek, one kiln, 1,000 bushels. 



Allen Brothers, one kiln, - 1,000 bushels. 



J. Finley, Bear creek, one kiln, - 2,000 bushels. 



Isaac Kegley, Bear creek, one kiln, 600 bushels. 



Lem. Stout, Bear creek, one kiln. 2,000 bushels. 



T. J. Hammer, Bear creek, one kiln, - - - - 2,000 bushels. 



Elder Cyrus Young, Bear creek, two kilns. Not in use. 



Harvey McQuillan, Bear creek, two kilns, - - Not in use. 



Olds & Brakey. sec. 9, Spring Valley, one kiln, - 2,000 bushels. 

 J. N. Cummings, sec. 11, Spring Valley, one kiln, 



J. H. Hall, sec. 12, Spring Valley, one kiln, 3,600 bushels. 



These all burn the Galena, and there is no noteworthy difference in 

 the quality either of the rock or of the lime produced. According to the 

 testimony of several, however, there are certain layers near the bottom of 

 the formation which are not suitable for quicklime. Some layers also are 

 arenaceous, and have to be avoided, but the great mass of the rock is ex- 

 ceedingly well adapted to making quicklime. 



The kilns used, are, for the most part, of the rudest construction, present- 

 ing no improvement over the ancient and well-known ''pot-kiln." They 

 have to be emptied and refilled for every burning. Mr. L. G. Odell has the 

 only draw-kiln seen in the county. In this part of the county mixed wood 

 sells for two dollars or two dollars and fifty cents per cord. The average 

 price of lime is twenty-five cents per bushel, but it fluctuates from twenty 

 to forty. In Jfculy, 1875, it was selling for twenty cents; but in September 

 it brought forty cents. The lime itself is generally nearly white after be- 

 ing burnt, but in some places it has an ashen white color, though on slack- 

 ing it is always white. It slacks with rapidity, evolving considerable heat. 

 It requires from sixty to seventy-two hours to burn a kiln, depending on 

 the size of the kiln and somewhat on its shape, and consuming about ten 

 cords of dry, mixed wood. When freshly and thoroughly burnt one bushel 

 by measure weighs about seventy-five pounds, but it not well burnt it will 

 exceed eighty pounds. " Delivered at Spring Valley by weight, it is sold at 



