370 THE GEOLOGY OF MINNESOTA. 



[Galena limestone. 



reaching sec. 14, Wasioja. The first important quarry is that of Thomas 

 Arnold, on the north bank of the stream, in sec. 13. At the top of the ex- 

 posed wall is a layer of five feet of rubble stone. Below this are thirty feet 

 of dolomitic, sparry stone, yellow when weathered, but blue within. It is 

 in evenly bedded layers from six inches to three feet thick. It works 

 smoothly and is soft, without flint. Near the bottom the rock is gray when 

 weathered. 



A few rods below this, on the same side of the stream, are the lime- 

 kilns of James Paul, two in number. This is in the village of Wasioja, in 

 sec. 13. The rock, of which he has eight or ten feet exposed close by, is 

 yellow and in thin, rather irregular, fragments. It is in all probability Ga- 

 lena. Mr. Paul obtains from this a lime of a light yellow color. He burns 

 about 840 barrels per year, for which he obtains $1.00 per barrel. He uses 

 for this eighty-six cords of wood, for which he pays $4.00 per cord. Mr. 

 Paul praises his lime highly, and it is acknowledged by all to be good 

 tor laying stone. It is, however, generally said to be slow in slacking, 

 and not strong. At Blake's mill, on the eastern edge of sec. 13, of Wasioja 

 is an exposure of about thirty feet of rock where materials have been ob- 

 tained for the mill and dam. The upper five feet are of broken rubble 

 stone. The remainder is in solid, even beds, six inches to three feet thick. 

 The stone is a limestone, yellow, dolomitic, compact, coarse-grained. 



About half a mile above Mantorville, in section 17, of Mantorville 

 township, is a natural exposure of about forty feet of rock, on the north 

 bank. The upper twenty feet are composed of a compact rock in thick 

 beds, yellow in color, wearing away very evenly by weathering, in a cas- 

 tellated manner. Below it the rock wears much more unevenly and is 

 grayish. Between the two lies a thin soft layer which was not accessible. 

 It wears out much more rapidly than the other rocks. It is probably a 

 clay-shale. About twenty yards from this place is a fine spring, always 

 flowing. It is caused by a layer of gi-een shale lying just below it. 



In the bed of the stream, just below the first clam at Mantorville, sec. 

 20, is a compact, dark limestone, in thin beds and not dolomitic. Just be- 

 low the village of Mantorville are the quarries owned by H. Hook, P. Man- 

 tor, A. Doig and others. 



