412 THE GEOLOGY OF MINNESOTA. 



New Ricldand. Wells in this towu. penetrating to the bed-rock, are described on the pre- 

 ceding pages. 



losco. N. N. Norcutt; S. E. } of sec. 30: well, 30 feet; soil, 2 feet; yellow till, 18 feet; much 

 harder blue till, 10 feet; the water seeps from the yellow till, and is excellent. 



Saint Mary. E. Brossard; sec. 2: well, 16 feet; soil, 2; yellow till, 10; much harder blue till, 

 4; water seeps from the upper till. 



Wilton. At the town, in sec. 1, a well for a steam saw-mill went 90 feet, its lower and 

 greater part being in soft blue till, finding no water. 



John HcLin; sec. 20: well, 22 feet; soil, 2; yellow till, hard, but spaded, 18 feet; softer blue 

 till, 2 feet and extending deeper: the water comes in seams of sand in the lower part of the yel- 

 low till. 



Hans Krager; sec. 36: well, 30 feet; soil, 2; yellow till, shoveled, 6 ; blue till, harder, picked, 

 22 feet; no sand nor gravel was found in the blue till, and no water was obtained. 



Byron. Garrett Hope; sec. 6: well, 38 feet deep, the only ''fountain,'' or flowing well, in 

 this township; soil, 2; yellow till, 10; blue till, 25; very hard, dark layer, 6 inches; gravel and 

 sand, 1 foot, and extending lower, from which water rose instantly to the top, and has since 

 flowed away from the mouth of this well during four years. This water threw up the auger and 

 shafting, with which the well was being bored, weighing five hundred pounds or more, fourteen 

 feet, and filled the boring with gravel to that bight. The site of this well is about fifteen feet 

 below the general level of the country. 



Janesville. The deepest wells learned of in this township are at the elevator beside the rail- 

 road near the depot, said to have been bored 150 feet, with loss of two sets of boring tools, but 

 thought not to have reached the bed-rock; the well at the Taopi mills, 100 feet deep, in which 

 the water rises to 60 feet below the surface; and the well at the railroad station, 7t> feet in depth. 

 The latter was dug twelve feet square for 56 feet, and then bored 20 feet more, finding a large 

 supply of water, which, however, does not rise so as to fill the bottom of the portion dug. From 

 all that could be gathered respecting these wells, they appear to have been till, with no notable 

 layers of sand or gravel. The common wells of this town and its vicinity are 12 to 20, or sometimes 

 40 feet deep. Mostly they get water by its seeping from the yellow till. Wells that go lower 

 sometimes find layers of dry quicksand in the blue till, ready to drink up the water derived from 

 sandy streaks in the upper till. 



Alton. E. F. Nettleton; S. W. J, sec. 32: well, 28 feet; soil, 2 feet; yellow till, 24; gravel, 

 1 foot; blue till, softer and more sticky than the upper till, 1 foot and extending lower; water 

 rose five feet. 



Alma. W. E. Lockwood: well, 46 feet; soil, 2J feet; yellow till, 17 feet; harder blue till, 10 

 feet; sand, 6 inches; blue till, as before, 15 feet; gravel, 1 foot, from which water rose seventeen 

 feet. 



Alma City flour-mill: well, 63 feet, the deepest in this vicinity; soil, 3 feet; yellow till, 6 feet; 

 harder blue till, 20 feet; gravel and sand, 5 feet; blue till, 25 feet; gravel and sand, 4 feet and 

 reaching lower, from which the water rises thirty feet. 



Freedom. Chris. Priem; sec. 23: well, 64 feet; soil, 3; yellow till, 14; soft blue till, 20; darker 

 till, very hard, 13; soft blue till, 5 feet; dry sand and gravel, containing gas, which rose with such 

 force as to throw up the gravel and sand three feet, and continued " blowing " three days; this 

 stratified drift was penetrated to a thickness of 9 feet, and extended lower; water was found in 

 the last four feet. 



Henry Converse; S. W. J of sec. 27: well, 107 feet, the deepest in this part of the county; 

 soil, 3; yellow till, 16; soft, blue till, 88 feet, containing a layer of dry sand one foot thick at 70 

 feet below the surface; no water is found in this blue till; the well is used, but has only " surface 

 water," which seeps from the upper till. 



Vivian. Henry Laver; sec. 3: well, 95 feet; soil, 3; yellow till, 16; soft blue till, 30; dark 

 till, very hard, 20; soft blue till, 25; black sand, 1 foot; water rose to five feet below the top in 

 three hours. 



John Bushou; sec. 12: well, 37 feet; soil, 3 feet; yellow till, 13; soft, blue till, 18; darker 

 very hard till, 2 feet; gravel, 1 foot and extending lower, from which water rises and flows over 

 the top of the well, making it a fountain. 



Mr. Clarence W. Converse, well-maker, living on the S. W. J of sec. 27, Freedom, thus sums 



