PIPESTONE AND ROCK COUNTIES. 553 



Wells.] 



Spring Water. Edwin Chesley; sec. 30: well, 28 i'eet; soil, 2; yellow gravel and clay, 2 feet; 

 then a gray layer, slanting a little to the south, very hard, 3 inches; typical yellow till, 8 feet; 

 changing below to blue till, harder than the yellow, most gravelly below, and softer in its last four 

 feet, 16 feet; water seeps at the bottom, in the last two feet. 



Beaver Creek. Jacob Merkel; sec. 21 : well, 28 feet; soil, 2; yellow till, spaded, 25 feet; 

 gravel and sand, 1 foot, with yellow till below; water rose nine feet from the bottom in one day. 



E. T. Sheldon's well, 18 feet deep; situated in the valley of Beaver creek, but on an 

 island in time of high water: soil, 3 feet; sandy loam, somewhat gravelly, 3 feet; gravel, stones 

 and shells, the lower two feet being sandy, 8 feet; gravel, 2 feet, with water; blue clay, con- 

 taining wood, 2 feet. These shells, which seem to have been fresh-water univalves and clams 

 were so soft that they could be reduced to powder between the thumb and fingers, though some 

 were perfectly hard. Water good. 



Beaver Creek station, town well; N. W. } of sec. 28 : well, 62 feet; soil, 2; yellow till, 18; 

 harder blue till, 42, its last foot being specially hard; water rose rapidly to be thirty feet deep, 

 probably springing from a bed of gravel and sand at the bottom. A piece of wood two feet long 

 and four inches through was found in the lowest very hard foot of the blue till. No other occur- 

 rence of wood in till could be learned of in this region; fragments of lignite, too, seem to be very 

 rare, or altogether absent. 



C. R. Henton; sec. 22: well, 48 feet; loam; blue clay; good water from a sandy layer in the 

 blue clay; stone curbing. 



W. T. Heuton; sec. 30: loam; blue clay; stopped in blue clay; water foul from the wood 

 curbing. 



C. Williams; sec. 28: loam; blue clay; water seeps. 



Wm. Grout; sec. 24; loam and clay; good water; the clay was all gravelly, except the very 

 surface soil, with little bunches of sand; water seeps. 



W. O. Crawford; S. E. i of sec. 20: well 28J feet; abundant good water in quicksand; in the 

 stony blue clay, twenty feet from the surface, a stick with a grain like elm was taken out. 



Luverne. A. L. Marsh; S. W. J of sec. 4: well, 33 feet; "joint-clay'' all the way, more com- 

 pact at the bottom; water seeps. 



Mr. Stone, Luverne: well, 13 feet; sandy loam, then loose stones, 6 feet; gravel, 8 inches; 

 pebbly clay, 7 feet; then blue clay. 



Allen Taylor; N. E. J of sec. 10: well, 84 feet; soil, 4; sand, gravel and clay, mixed, 3 ; 

 gravel, 10; yellowish clay, 2; blue clay, with two gravel pockets three to five feet through, with 

 water in them, which having been pumped out the well remained dry, 30; the rest of the well 

 was somewhat sandy, with lumps of clay in it, the whole being of a rather dark color, soft and 

 moist, but yielding no supply of water; at 81 feet was found a piece of a shell, as if of a common 

 clam, which was made into an ornamental pin. It had a beautiful color. Here were found also 

 some fragments of wood. This sand was very plastic and clayey when wet, but like flour when 

 dry. 



Allen Taylor; N. E. \ of sec. 10: well, 12 feet; loam, gravel, and fine dry sand which spaik- 

 les in the sun; this sand is so fine as to be water-tight, and makes a reservoir for water. 



Peter Webber; S. W. J of sec. 8: well 42 feet; "joint-clay" all the way, with crystals of gyp- 

 sum; at first no water, but afterward filled to within ten feet of the top with a poor (alkaline) 

 water. 



Sioux Falls railroad, sec. 17: well, 15 feet; 'joint-clay", water in loose stones and gravel; red 

 clay below the gravel. 



Samuel Spalding; sec. 20: well, 28 feet; "joint clay or red clay", then blue clay; water from 

 a sand vein in "joint clay". 



Samuel Sp tiding; sec. 20: well, 10 feet; good water in gravel. 



Luverne House. Luverne: veil, 16 feet; good water in gravel. 



The water of wells in the loam, or in the drift clay, is very hard. This 

 is caused by a large amount of limestone gravel disseminated through all 

 the materials of the drift, derived from the limestones of Winnipeg. There 



