654 THE GEOLOGY OF MINNESOTA. 



[Trees and shrubs. 



"a broad light-green mass of foliage supported generally by two or three, or more trunks from one 

 root. It grows rapidly, has a dense wood, but is not durable. 



Carya amara, Nutt. Bitternut or hickory. 



Quercus alba, L. White oak. Furnishes a valuable and tough timber, and is occasionally 

 cut for that purpose at Morristown. 



Populus monilifera, Ait. Cottonwood. Along the river bottoms, but not generally through 

 the county. 



Carpinus Americana, Michx. Water beech. 



Fraxinus Americana, L. White ash. Used for lumber. Some large straight trees were 

 seen in Shieldsviile. 



Prunus serotina, Ehr. Black cherry. Scattered through the heavy timber. 



Quercus rubra, L. Red oak. 



Acer rubrum, L. Red or swamp maple. 



Juglans nigra, L. Black walnut. 



Populus grandidentata, Michx. Large-toothed aspen. 



Celtis occidentals, L. Ilackberry. 



Pirus eoronaria, L. American crab-apple. 



Larix Americana, Michx. Tamarack. Shieldsviile and Cedar lake. 



Betula papyracea, Ait. Paper or canoe birch. 



Amelanchier Canadensis, Ton-, and Gray. Juneberry. 



Populus balsamifera, L., var. eandicans, Ait. Balm of Gilead. 



Pinus Strobus, L. White pine. 



Cornus paniculata, L'Her. Dogwood. 



Cornus'circinata, LSHer. Dogwood. 



Coiylus Americana, Walt. Hazelnut. 



Rhus glabra, L. Smooth sumac. 



Prunus Pennsylvanica, L. Wild red cherry. 



Cratsegus Crus-galli, L. Thorn. 



Juniperus Sabina, -L., var. procumbens, Pursh. Savin. 



Lonicera grata, Ait. American woodbine. 



Vitis cordifolia, Michx. Grape. 



Ampelopsis quinquefolia, Michx. Virginia creeper. 



Alnus incaua, Willd. Speckled alder. 



Spiraea opulifolia, L. Nine-bark. 



Cornus stolonifera, Michx. Red-osier dogwood. 



Celastrus scandens, L. Climbing bitter-sweet. 



Rosa blanda, Ait. Rose. 



Rosa lucida, Ehr. Dwarf wild rose. 



Symphoricarpus occidentalis, R. Br. Wolfberry. 



Rubus villosus, Ait. High blackberry. 



Rubus strigosus, Michx. Red raspberry. 



Ceanothus Americanus, L. New Jersey tea. 



Amorpha f ruticosa, L. False indigo. 



THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE. 



The rocks of the county range from the Shakopee limestone to the 

 upper portion of the Trenton period, probably including the actual repre- 

 sentatives of the Hudson River group, though the latter cannot be subdi- 

 vided, nor more exactly parallelized with any of the formations of the 

 New York nomenclature. They will be considered in descending order, as 

 follows: 1. Trenton rocks, 2. St. Peter sandstone, 3. Shakopee limestone. 



