72 



S t> 7 6 9/0/1/2/3 



Fig. 53. Outlines of percolation under four deep furrows In heavy loam. 



(O. P:. S. Bulletin 203, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



Fig. 54. Outlines of percolation under four shallow furrow* In heavy loam. 



(O. E. S. Bulletin 203, U. S. Dept. Apr.) 



-3* .8 

 c^tjO3tjau^ 



Fig. 55. Curve showing probable lower limit of percolation from head to foot 

 of furrows In sandy loam. 



(O. E. S. Bulletin 203, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



V. IRRIGATION AND CULTIVATION OF 

 ORCHARDS. 



DISTRIBUTION OF WATER. 



For the orchards of British Columbia, as well as for other field crops, 

 with the exception of some level lands devoted to growing hay, furrow 

 irrigation is the only feasible method. 



The success in obtaining uniform distribution of water by furrow irri- 

 gation depends largely on the method used to divide the water equally be- 

 tween the furrows. The earliest method of carrying the water to the head 

 of the furrows is by means of the earthen head ditch located along the 

 upper boundary of the orchard at the upper end of the furrows. The 

 division of the water is effected by cuts made in the side of the earth ditch. 

 This method is still used by many, but because crude and unsatisfactory, 

 it has led some orchardists to adopt improved methods of division such as 

 lath tubes or iron spouts placed in the ditch bank, while some of the best 



