119 



TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED. 



Page. 



2. Wooden head flumes 76 



3. Concrete head flumes . 76 



4. Cement pipes and distributing stand pipes 78 



Details of stands ^ 82 



Overflow stands .... .''.' . 82 



Draining the pipes 82 



Accessories 82 



5. Pressure pipe lines and valves 83 



6. Laying out furrows: number, length, depth and slope 84 



Application of Water 85 



1. When to irrigate orchards and quantity of water to use. ... 85 



2. Number of irrigations per season 86 



3. Fall and winter irrigation 87 



4. Running water in the furrows 87 



5. Prevention of losses of water applied, and cultivation 88 



VI. IRRIGATION OF POTATOES: 



1. Selection of soil 89 



2. Treatment of soil 89 



3. Planting potatoes 90 



4. Cultivation 90 



5. Quantity of water required for potatoes 90 



6. Time to irrigate 91 



7. Method of irrigation 92 



VII. IRRIGATION OF ALFALFA: 



1. Methods of irrigation 93 



Furrow method of alfalfa irrigation 93 



2. Amount of water required 94 



3. Number of irrigations 97 



4. The proper time to irrigate alfalfa 97 



5. Winter irrigation of alfalfa 98 



6. Winter killing of alfalfa 98 



7. Seeding alfalfa on land to be irrigated 99 



VIII. THE USE OF SMALL PUMPING PLANTS FOR IRRIGATION IN 



BRITISH COLUMBIA: 

 Considerations Controlling the Selection of a Pumping Plant 100 



1. Capacity and period of operation 101 



2. Kind of pump 102 



Centrifugal pump 103 



Power piston or plunger pump , 104 



Choice between centrifugal pump and power plunger 

 pump 106 



3. Classes of engines or driving power 106 



Method of connection of pump and engine 106 



Capacity of engine 107 



Type of engine 108 



Steam engine 108 



Gasoline engine 108 



Electric motors 109 



4. First cost of plant 109 



Cost of accessories and installation 110 



5. Fuel consumption and fuel cost 110 



6. Fixed charges and attendance Ill 



(a) Fixed charges Ill 



(b) Attendance 112 



7. Final selection of type of plant 112 



Cooperative Pumping /. 114 



Limit of Economical Pumping 115 



