the ordinary cooling of the body, which is an important function of the skin, is 

 seriously interfered with. A strain is thrown on the whole mechanism of the 

 body, one result of which is that the surfaces of the body covered with mucous 

 membrane (the nostrils and throat, for instance) become dry like the nose of a 

 sick dog. In this condition they become very susceptible to bacterial infection 

 and the defences of the body are all weakened. Hence the susceptibility in stuffy 

 rooms to 



CATCH THE BACTERIA OF COLDS AND INFLUENZA. 



What can we do to ensure clean air in our homes, if it must be kept moving 

 and not be overheated? How can we ensure clean air, above all in our bedrooms, 

 where more consecutive hours are spent than in any other part of our houses? 



SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR THE VENTILATION OF OUR ROOMS. 



(1.) Insist upon sash, not casement windows. Keep one or more of these open 

 at the top night and day, except when there is severe frost. Close the windows 

 in chilly weather w r hen dressing and undressing, but 'have no fear of fresh air 

 when in bed. It is far more healthful to have a hot-water bottle in bed all the 

 year round, and to wear warmer garments during the day, than to live and sleep 

 with shut windows. 



(2.) If you have delicate children or if the bed must stand close to the 

 window, put a screen between the sleeper and the open window; or fit a board, 

 6 inches deep and the same width as the window, under the lower sash. (See 

 Fig. 1) (a). The arrows in the illustration show the upward direction taken by 

 the outside air as it enters between the two sashes, of which the result is that 

 it mixes first of ail with the warmer air near the ceiling, so that the chill is taken 

 off before it comes in contact with the occupants of the room. This is a simple, 

 inexpensive, and admirable arrangement for sitting-room as well as bedroom 

 windows during the winter. 



IF THE WIND SET DEAD UPON THE WINDOW, 



tuck a strip of cotton wadding along the opening between the sashes, fresh air 

 will enter all the same, but it will be broken up into a thousand streamlets, instead 

 of rushing in like a flood. 



A somewhat similar arrangement for a casement window is suggested at 

 Fig. 1 (&). The piece of lumber can be cut to any depth preferred lor the screen, 

 over which the air will enter the room ; it can be bolted into place at night and 

 removed during the day. 



(3.) AIR MUST BE KEPT MOVING IF IT IS TO BE CLEAN. 



Now, there can be no movement either in air or water unless there is an outlet 

 for the stream as well as an inlet. It is a serious menace to the health of 

 Canadians that, as a consequence of the method of heating their houses, no 

 provision is made for foul air to escape from their rooms. In Great Britain it 

 is illegal to build any room, however humble, in which, if there be no chimney-flue, 

 some other outlet for air is not provided. 



An open fire is a valuable means of ventilation (Fig. 1 (c)), and at all times 

 a certain proportion of dirty air finds its way up a chimney. The usual substitute 

 in the Old Country is shown at Fig. "1 (d). 



AN OPENING IS CUT IN THE WALL CLOSE TO THE CEILING, 



about 14 or 16 inches long and from 8 to 10 inches deep. A bit of mosquito-netting 

 is nailed over the opening on the outside to prevent the entrance of insects or birds ; 

 and indoors a small " hopper " is fixed over the aperture i.e., a piece of wood 

 sloped out from the wall by reason of its triangular side pieces so that there 

 shall be no " down draught." 



