Under such conditions as obtained in 1910 and 1912, when hundreds of car-loads of 

 American fruit were consigned to the already overloaded Canadian markets, to be 

 sold for what buyers would give, the effect was to force prices down, sometimes even 

 below the barest cost of production. 



The general outlook for apples and pears is more satisfactory. The production 

 of apples in the United States dropped about 27,000,000 bushels in 1910 from the 

 1900 level, and while there is apparently some ground for the belief that production 

 is once more on the increase, still the market may not be fully supplied for some time. 

 The North-western States are our direct competitors in apple-production as in soft 

 fruits, and their yields will increase rapidly in the next few years. While they had 

 about 18,000 acres of apples in bearing in 1912, which produced about 15,000 car- 

 loads, there are a total of 285,000 acres planted, which, if the whole were to succeed, 

 might easily produce 50,000,000 or 60,000,000 boxes in 1920, which is about half the 

 present production of the entire United States. As it is true, however, that only 

 about 20 per cent, of this may be expected to arrive at commercial bearing, production 

 will not be nearly so large as these optimistic estimates would indicate. It might 

 easily happen, however, that prices will have to decline somewhat to bring the 

 inevitable increase in supply into consumption. 



It is possible that intending apple-growers should not base their plantings on 

 the expectation of prices higher than an average of $1 a box for good fruit. At such 

 a figure there will undoubtedly be a satisfactory profit in bearing orchards in our 

 proved fruit-growing districts. 



To ensure results, the planting of orchards will require the most careful selection 

 of varieties, soil, location, and district. There must be, furthermore, constant and 

 careful attention to the details of management and operations, having in view the 

 greatest economy in production. There must also be economical and efficient market- 

 ing, which may be ensured by large shipments under the smallest possible number of 

 competing organizations. 



British Columbia Coast cities, which have been making marvellous growth of 

 recent years, have far outrun the supply of fruit grown on the Coast in practically 

 everything, and it seems likely that plantings of all kinds that are reasonably suited 

 to the Coast conditions will find a ready local market. The grower having little or 

 no freight rate to pay, no duty, or inspection fees, is at a considerable advantage 

 over his more distant competitors. The general demand of the Coast is about the 

 same as that of the Prairie, save that prices are, as a rule, not quite so high ; there 

 is less demand for crab-apples, and there is more competition from cheap fruit 

 peddled from door to door in the cities. 



The Interior districts are beginning to look to the Coast to dispose of part of 

 their output, to some extent for peaches, but largely for apples. The Mclntosh, 

 Jonathan, Wagener, and similar varieties, produced in the Interior, will find a very 

 satisfactory market, which has been very largely supplied by foreign shipments up 

 to this time. 



Australia and New Zealand offer a very remunerative market for small, perfect 

 red apples, and for pears suitable for November and December trade. Shipments 

 have been steadily growing, and as more fruit of the kind required becomes avail- 

 able the high prices paid by this market will undoubtedly cause a great expansion 

 in this trade, we believe to the possible extent of 200; 000 boxes, in a few years. 



China, Japan, the Philippines, and India have barely been touched as yet, but 

 promise to take quite a large quantity of apples in a few years. Here, as in 

 Australia, the demand is for the small, perfect red apple. 



The demand in Great Britain, which we have only begun to cater to, is more 

 for yellow than red kinds, but red dessert apples of certain varieties meet with ready 

 sale. Yellow Newtown and Winter Banana from British Columbia sell particularly 

 well. The facilities for shipment to England are good, and as our production 

 increases the market will become a very large one. Reports from Canadian Trade 

 Commissioners in South America and inquiries from houses there indicate that there 

 will be a big demand for our apples in the large cities on the eastern coast of South 



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