110 HISTORY OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 



contribution of his eminent career, to discover, in col- 

 laboration with his fellow-workers Townsend and Brown, 

 the true cause of this interesting disease. Evidence of its 

 bacterial nature was first set forth in Science 1 in 1907. 

 Following this there has appeared from the hand of 

 Smith a series of most brilliant researches 2 in which he has 

 clearly shown the striking similarity in structure of this 

 plant tumor to that of the cancer in man and animals. 



The Establishment of the American Phytopathological 

 Society. The establishment of this society at the Balti- 

 more meeting of the American Association for the Ad- 

 vancement of Science in 1909 3 marks the beginning of 

 another important development in American phyto- 

 pathology, if not in that of the world. Within two years 

 the society's membership exceeded 200, and at present 

 totals approximately 350. At the beginning of its third 

 year, 1911, it undertook the publication of a journal, 4 

 Phytopathology, designating it as the official organ of the 



1 Smith, Erwin F., and Townsend, C. O.: A plant tumor of bacterial 

 origin, Science, n. s., 25 : 671-673, 1907. (The pathogene named and 

 briefly characterized.) 



2 For later papers on the same subject see: Crown gall of plants, 

 Phytopath., 1 : 7-11, 1911; Crown gall of plants, its cause and 

 remedy, U. S. Dept. Agr. Bu. PI. Ind. Bui. 213, 1911; Crown gall 

 and sarcoma, U. S. Dept. Agr. Bu. PI. Ind. Circ. 85, 1911; The 

 structure and development of crown gall, a plant cancer, U. S. Dept. 

 Agr. Bu. PI. Ind. Bui. 255, 1912; Mechanism of tumor growth in crown 

 gall, Jour. Agr. Research, 8: 165-186, pis. 4-65, 1917; Mechanism of 

 overgrowth in plants, Proc. Am. Phil. Society, 56 : 437^144, 1917; 

 Embryomas in plants (produced by bacterial inoculations). The 

 Johns Hopkins Hospital Bull, 28 : 276-294, Sept., 1917. For list of 

 other papers by this author see bibliography in last three papers. 



3 The American Phytopathological Society. (Report of first annual 

 meeting.) Science, n. s., 31 : 746-757, 1910. 



4 For data on establishment of the journal, see Science, n. s., 31 : 746, 

 1910; 33 : 155, 156, 1911; and Phytopath., 1 : 38 and 67, 1911. 



