THE PRESENT ERA 113 



heralded throughout the United States and Canada, 

 receiving a most cordial reception from growers and some 

 pathologists, as promising substitutes for bordeaux mix- 

 ture, so frequently injurious to fruit and foliage. Within 

 half a decade lime-sulfur almost completely replaced bor- 

 deaux mixture for apples and some other crops. It has 

 not proved a satisfactory substitute, however, in the case 

 of grapes and potatoes. 1 Studies soon indicated that it is 

 the finely divided sulfur on the foliage which is the effec- 

 tive agent. Following this idea, dusting with finely ground 

 sulfur has been carefully investigated by Blodgett, 2 Red- 

 dick, 3 and Stewart 4 of Cornell, who have conclusively 

 shown that dry sulfur may safely and profitably replace 

 the liquid sprays for the control of some of our most 

 common and destructive diseases. Our day is to see 

 sulfur the chief fungicide as against the copper of the 

 Millardetian period. 



Development of Disease-resistant Crops. The extra- 

 ordinary progress which is now being made in this direc- 

 tion is the logical outgrowth of the pioneer labors of an 



1 For the results on grapes, see Reddick, D., et al: Spraying for black 

 rot of the grape in a dry season, New York (Cornell) Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 

 296 : 586, 587, 1911; and for those on potatoes, see Stewart, F. C., and 

 French, G. T.: Lime-sulfur vs. Bordeaux mixture as a spray for potatoes. 



I. New York (Geneva) Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 347, 1911; Munn, M. T., 



II. Bui. 352, 1912; III. Bui. 397, 1915; IV. Bui. 421, 1916. 



2 Blodgett, F. M.: Hop mildew, New York (Cornell) Agr. Exp. Sta. 

 Bui. 328, 1913; and, Further studies on the spread and control of hop 

 mildew, New York (Geneva) Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 395, 1915. 



3 Reddick, D., and Crosby, C. R.: Dusting and spraying experiments 

 with apples, New York (Cornell) Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 369, 1916. 



4 Stewart, V. B.: Dusting ajid spraying nursery stock, New York 

 (Cornell) Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 385, 1917. 



