184 NUTRITION, DIETETICS AND ANIMAL HEAT 



v approximately the same, but the organism revolts at being 

 supplied with them from exactly the same source for any 

 considerable length of time. 



As a diet is necessary (Schenck and Gurber) : 



Proteid. Fat. Carbohydrates. 



Resting man 100 gm. 60 gm. 400 gm. 



Resting woman go gm. 40 gm. 350 gm. 



Working man 130 gm. 100 gm. 500 gm. 



It need scarcely be added that any condition, such as exer- 

 cise, temperature, etc., which increases the excreta, calls for 

 a larger supply of ingesta. Ordinary exercise is allowed 

 for in the estimates just given. 



ANIMAL HEAT. 



The Temperature. The average temperature of the hu- 

 man body, taken under the tongue, is 98.5 F. It varies in 

 different parts, the mean being about 100. The metabolic 

 activity in different parts of the body is changeable, and con- 

 sequently the heat production in all parts is not the same. 



The fact that -the temperature is nearly identical through- 

 out the body is due to the distribution of heat, which distri- 

 bution is mainly effected through the agency of the circulat- 

 ing fluids. The rectal temperature is a little higher than that 

 obtained in the mouth. The temperature of arterial is higher 

 than that of venous blood. The warmest blood is in the hepat- 

 ic veins ; the coolest is that which has just passed through the 

 most exposed peripheral parts, as the helix of the ear. The 

 mean body temperature is a little lower in the morning than 

 in the evening, in the female than in the male, on a restricted 

 than on an abundant diet, in cold than in hot climates, and, 

 in general, in conditions of diminished than of exalted met- 

 abolic activity. 



But in health these variations are of trivial importance and 

 do not represent a sweep of more than 2 F. The body tern- 



