THE CEREBRUM 



FIG. 86. Side view of the brain of man, with the areas of the cerebral 

 convolutions according to Ferrier. (Brubaker.) 



The figures are constructed by marking on the brain of man, in their respec- 

 tive situations, the areas of the brain of the monkey as determined by experi- 

 ment, and the description of the effects of stimulating the various areas refers 

 to the brain of the monkey. 



i, advance of the opposite hind limb, as in walking; 2, 3, 4, complex move- 

 ments of the opposite leg and arm, and of the trunk, as in swimming; a, b, c, d, 

 individual and combined movements of the fingers and wrist of the opposite 

 hand. Prehensile movements. 5, extension forward of the opposite arm and 

 hand; 6, supination and flexion of the opposite forearm; 7, retraction and ele- 

 vation of the opposite angle of the mouth by means of the zygomatic muscle; 

 8, elevation of the alae nasi and upper lip, with depression of the lower lip on 

 the opposite side; 9, 10, opening of the mouth, with (9) protrusion and (10) 

 retraction of the tongue; region of aphasia, bilateral action; n, retraction of 

 the opposite angle of the mouth, the head turned slightly to one side; 12, the 

 eyes open widely, the pupils dilate, and the head and eyes turn toward the oppo- 

 site side; 13, 13', the eyes move toward the opposite side, with an upward (13) 

 or downward (13') deviation; the pupils are generally contracted; 14, pricking 

 of the opposite ear, the head and eyes turn to the opposite side, and the pupils 

 dilate widely. 



