Relation of Disease- Bacteria to Milk. 93 



cream from milk * that by far the larger number of tubercle 

 bacilli were, thrown out with the separator slime. Moore* 

 has shown that the tubercle bacilli in an artificially in- 

 fected milk might be reduced in this way, so as to be no 

 longer microscopically demonstrable, yet the purification 

 was not complete enough to prevent the infection of ani- 

 mals inoculated with the milk. 



Another way to exclude all possibility of tubercular in- 

 fection in milk supplies is to reject all milk from reacting 

 animals. This method is often followed where pasteuriza- 

 tion or sterilization is not desired. In dairies where the 

 keeping quality is dependent upon the exclusion of bacteria 

 by stringent conditions as to milking and handling ("sani- 

 tary " or " hygienic " milk), the tuberculin test is frequently 

 used as a basis to insure healthy milk. 



Foot and mouth disease. The widespread extension of 

 this disease throughout Europe in recent years has given 

 abundant opportunity to show that while it is distinctively 

 an animal malady, it is also transmissible to man, although 

 the disease is rarely fatal. The causal organism has not 

 been determined with certainty, but it has been thoroughly 

 proven that the milk of affected animals possesses infec- 

 tious properties. 8 



Hertwig showed the direct transmissibiiity of the disease 

 to man by experiments made on himself and others. By 

 ingesting milk from an affected animal, he was able to 

 produce the symptoms of the disease, the mucous mem- 

 brane of the mouth being covered with the small vesicles 

 that characterize the malady. It has also been shown that 



J Scheurlen, Arb. a. d. k. Ges. Amte, 1891, 7: 269; Bang, MUch Zeit., 1893, p. 672 

 2 Moore, Year Book of TJ. S. Dept. Agr., 1895, p. 432. 



3 Weigeland Noack, Jahres. d. Ges. Med., 1890, p. 642; Weissenberg, Allg. med. 

 Cent. Zeit., 1890, p. 1; Baum, Arch. f. Thierheilkunde, 1892, 18:16. 



