FORMS OF SIMPLE LEAVES. 



39 



A perfoliate leaf folium perfoliatum 

 (fig- 37). (From the Latin, per, 

 through, andybZit/m, leaf.) A leaf having 

 the stem running through it. The annex- 

 ed figure (37) is an illustration of acurvi- 

 nerve leaf. 



Example: the Uvularia perfoliata, or 

 bell-wort. 



Fig. 37. PERFOLIATE. 



Fig. 33. PANDURATE. 



A pandurate leaf folium panduratum 

 (fig- 38 )- (From the Latin, pandus, 

 bent or bowed inward in the middle.) 

 Fiddle-shaped. It is also termed panduri- 

 form. It is oblong, broad at the two 

 extremities, and contracted in the middle. 



Example : Convolvulus panduratus, Virginia Bindweed, and 

 Convolvulus imperati, native of Egypt, Italy, &c. 



A runcinate leaf folium 

 runcin'atum (fig' 39). 

 (From the Latin, run'cina, a 

 large saw, to saw timber.) 



Example: Leontodon ta- Jfc. 39. - RUNCINATK. 



ra xacum, common dande- 

 lion. (Dandelion, a corruption of the French, dent de lion, lion's 

 tooth.) 



An undulate leaf folium 

 undulatum (figure 40). 

 (From the Latin, undula, a 

 little wave.) Having the edges 

 irregularly waved. 



Example : Asclepias obtu- 

 sifolia. 



A crenate leaf folium 

 crenatum (figure 41). 

 Having rounded teeth, which 

 are not directed towards 

 either extremity of the leaf, 

 as in the garden pink, ground 

 ivy, and heart's ease. Fig. 41. CRENATE. 



Crenulate, finely crenate. Some leaves are doubly crenate, 

 that is, bicrenate. 



Example : the Quercus prinus, chestnut oak of Pennsylvania. 



