FORMS OF FRUITS. 91 



27. The second variety of the first division of the second class 

 consists of the following indehiscent fruit : 



Hesperide orange. Fruit fleshy, composed of a common 

 epicarp, and several cells formed by the endocarp of different 

 carpels, and filled with a sort of pulp, as the orange, citron, &c. 



The fruits of the second division of the second class are 

 adherent, being united to the calyx or perigon through the medium 

 of the torus. 



28. The first variety of this division contains fleshy or pulpy 

 fruits. 



Pome or apple. Fruit composed of several indehiscent car- 

 pels with a cartilaginous or bony pericarp, completely enveloped 

 by a fleshy indehiscent calyx to which they are agglutinated, as 

 the apple, pear, medlar, &c. 



Melonide or pepo. Fruit unilocular, formed of several inde- 

 hiscent carpels with edges not infolded, and enclosing numerous 

 seeds surrounded by a pulp, as melons, gourds, &c. 



Berry. Fruit multilocular, indehiscent, semi-fluid internally, 

 as gooseberries, &c. 



The second variety includes dry fruits and certain adherent 

 .japsules, &c. 



29. The THIRD CLASS is composed of fruits that are AGGRE- 

 GATED or POLYANTHOCARPOUS (from the Greek, polus, many, 

 anthos, flower, and karpos, fruit, fruit from many flowers), 

 because these fruits are formed by the approximation or aggluti- 

 nation of the fruits of many flowers. The three following are 

 placed in this class : 



Cone. An assemblage of sessile fruits concealed at the base 

 of convex scales formed by bracts, or by a ligneous pericarp, as 

 the pine, savin, &c. 



Sycone. An assemblage of very small fruits analogous to 

 drupes, enclosed in a fleshy concave receptacle, as figs ( fig. 78). 



Sorose. An assemblage of fruits attached to a single body, by 

 means of their floral envelopes, which are fleshy and united so as 

 to resemble a mammalated berry, as the mulberry, &c. 



" Of the terms above explained only a few are in common use, and it 

 seems to be found by systematic botanists more convenient to describe a 

 given fruit by exact words, than to use any particular term. The names 

 most employed are achenium, nut, caryopsis, drupe, capsule, siliqua, legume, 

 and cone." Lindley. 



27. What is a hesperide ? 



28. What is a pome ? What is a pepo ? What is a berry ? 



29. What are aggregated fruits ? What is a cone ? What is a sycono ? 

 What is a sorose ? 



