216 



BOTANY. 



The stamens are usually four in number through the abor- 

 tion of one of them, but sometimes only two perfect stamens 

 are present. 



The Scrophularinece differ mainly from the Labiatce in hav- 

 ing round stems, and the ovary not splitting into separate one- 



FIG. 120. Anisocarpous sympetalse, (Labiatiflorse) . A, dead nettle, Lamium, 

 (Labiatse), x %. B t a single flower, x l. C, the stamens and pistil, x 1. D, 

 cross-section of the ovary, x 2. E, diagram of the flower ; the position of the 

 absent stamen is indicated by the small circle. F, fruit of the common sage, 

 Salvia (Labiatse) , x 1. Part of the persistent calyx has been removed to 

 show the four seed-like fruits, or nutlets. G, section of a nutlet, x 3. The 

 embryo fills the seed completely. H, part of an inflorescence of figwort, 

 Scrophularia (Scrophularinese) , x 1. /, cross-section of the young fruit, 

 x 2. J, flower of speedwell, Veronica (Scrophularinese) , x 2. K, fruit of 

 Veronica, x 2. L, cross-section of K, M, flower of moth-mullein, Ver- 

 bascum (ScrophularinesR), x %. 2i, flower of toad-flax, Linaria (Scrophii- 

 larinese), x 1. O, leaf of bladder-weed, Utricularia (Lentibulariacese] , x 1. 

 x, one of the "traps." P, a single trap, x 5. 



seeded fruits. The leaves are also sometimes alternate. There 

 are generally four stamens, two long and two short, as in the 

 labiates, but in the mullein (Verbascum) (Fig. 120, M), where 

 the flower is only slightly zygomorphic, there is a fifth rudi- 



