108 COMMOtf CAffADiAtf WILD 



SUBORDER II. LIGULIFLO'RjE. 



Corolla strap-shaped in all the florets of the head. All 

 the florets perfect. Herbs with milky juice, and alternate 

 leaves. 



46. Krig'ia. Flowers yellow. Pappus double, the outer short, of 



many minute chaffy scales, the inner of many long capillary 

 bristles. Low perennials branching from the base, with single 

 small heads on scapes. 



47. Lump sana. Flowers yellow, 8-12 in a head. Scales of the invol- 



ucre 8, in a single row. Pappus none. S.tem slender. Heads 

 small, in loose panicles. 



48. Ciclio'rium. Flowers bright blue, showy. Scales of the invol- 



ucre in 2 rows, the outer of 5 short scales, the inner of 8-10 

 scales. Pappus chaffy. Heads sessile, 2 or 3 together. 



49. Leoii'todon. Flowers yellow. Involucre with bractlets at the 



base. Papp^ls of plumose bristles, these broader at the base. 

 Heads borne on branching scapes. Leaves radical. 



50. Hlera'cium. Flowers yellow. Scales of the involucre more or 



less imbricated. Pappus a single row of tawny hair-like rough 

 bristles. Heads corymbose. 



51. Crepis. Like Hieracium, but the pappus is of copious white 



and soft capillary bristles. 



52. Preiuiu thes. Stems leafy- Flowers yellowish or greenish- white 



often tinged with purple; heads nodding. Involucre of 5-14 

 scales in a single row, with a few bractlets below. Pappus 

 copious, of brownish or yellowish rough bristles. Achenes 

 short, blunt. 



53. Lygodes'mia. Stems nearly leafless. Flowers white or cream- 



colour or pinkish. Involucre with bractlets below. Pappus 

 white. Heads erect. Achenes long, tapering. N.W. only. 



54. Trox'iiiion. Flowers yellow. Head large, solitary, borne on a 



scape. Leaves radical, elongated, linear, tufted. Achenes 10- 

 ribbed. Involucre loosely imbricated in 2 or 3 rows. N.W. 

 only. 



55. Tarax'acum. Flowers yellow, on slender naked hollow scapes. 



Achenes prolonged into a slender thread-like beak. Leaves all 

 radical. (See Part L, Chapter viii. ) 



56. Lactu'ca. Flowers pale yellow or purplish. Florets few (aoout 



20) in the head. Scales of the involucre in 2 or more rows of 



