20 FUMARIACEjE. [Fumakia. 



or leaf-opposed racemes honeyed, homogamous. Petals 4, erect, con- 

 niving ; the posterior gibbous or spurred at the base, the anterior flat ; 2 

 inner narrow, cohering by their tips, winged or keeled at the back. 

 Filament of the stamen opposite the gibbous petal usually spurred at tin- 

 base. Ovary globose ; style filiform, stigma entire or shortly lobed ; 

 ovules 2, on 2 placentas. Fruit 1 -seeded, indehiscent, globose. — Distrib. 

 Europe, Asia, following cultivation ; species 6. — Etym. doubtful. 



1. F. capreola'ta, L. ; climbing by the twisting petioles, leaf-segments 

 flat, sepals ovate toothed below at least as broad and ^-| as long as the 

 corolla-tube, lower petal gradually dilated at the tip, pedicels longer than 

 the bracts, fruit globose contracted into a neck at the base not retuse. 

 Fields and waste places from Orkney southd. ; Ireland ; Channel Islds. \ 



(a colonist, Wats.) ; fl.May-Sopt. — Stents 1-2 ft. or more, branched. Leaves 

 2-pinuate ; segments broad. Racemes lax-fld., not much elongated in fruit. 

 Flowers £-§ in. — Distrib. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



F. capreola'ta proper ; sepals denticulate §-§ as long as the corolla- 

 tube, petals cream-coloured often coloured after fertilization, fruit longer 

 than broad with 2 deep pits at the top, neck narrower than the dilated top 

 of the recurved pedicel. F. pallidijio'rd, Jord. — From Roxburgh southd. ; 

 Co. Down. 



Var. F. Borce'i, Jord. ; sepals smaller, petals redder, fruiting pedicels not 

 recurved. — Common. 



Sub-sp. F. confu'sa, Jord. ; sepals ^ as long and nearly as broad as the 

 corolla-tube, petals pink tipped with purple, fruit subrugose when dry a 

 little longer than broad with 2 broad shallow pits at the top, neck broader 

 than the dilated top of the erecto-patent pedicel. F. ayra'na, Mitten. — 

 From Perth southd. 



Sub-sp. F. mura'lts, Sonder ; flowers smaller and laxer, sepals as in confu'sa, 

 petals pink tipped with purple, fruit finely rugosa when dry with 2 incon- 

 spicuous pits at the top, neck narrower than the dilated top of the erecto- 

 patent pedicel. — England chiefly, rare ; Stirling ; Belfast. 



2. F. officinalis, L. ; diffuse, leaf- segments flat, sepals ovate-lanceolate 

 I as long and | as broad as the corolla-tube, lower petal abruptly dilated 

 at the tip, pedicel ascending longer than the bracts, fruit depressed-sphe- 

 rical rugose when dry top with a large shallow pit. 



Waste places, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 1,000 feet in N. England ; Ireland ; 

 Channel Islds. ; (a colonist, Wats.) ; fl. May-Sept. — Smaller than F. capreo- 

 la'ta, leaves more divided, flowers smaller and raceme much elongated after 

 flowering. Flowers dark or pale rose-purple. — Distrib. Europe, N. Africa, 

 W. Asia ; in trod, in U. States. 



3. F. densiflo'ra, DC. ; diffuse, leaf-segments narrow, sepals broadly 

 ovate toothed \ as long as and broader than the corolla-tube, lower petal 

 abruptly dilated at the tip, pedicels erecto-patent about as long as the 

 bracts, fruit globose rugose when dry top with 2 shallow j>its. F. micran'- 

 tha, Lagasca. 



Waste places, from Elgin southd. ; (a colonist, Wats.) ; fl. May-Sept.— 

 Habit of F. officinalis, but weaker, leaf-segments smaller and narrower, flat 



