PREFACE. ix 



of fertilization, — as, whether wind-fertilized (anemophilous), insect-fertil- 

 ized (entomophilous), or self-fertilized ; also whether honey is secreted 

 in the flower ; and whether the stamens and stigma ripen together (homo- 

 gamous), or the anthers first (proterandrous), or the stigma first (protero- 

 gynous). For most of the information under these heads I am indebted 

 especially to the observations of Hermann Miiller, supplemented by those 

 of Sir John Lubbock and Mr. Alfred Bennett. Our knowledge of these 

 subjects is incomplete and rudimentary : any student may add to it ; but 

 great caution is required, for T suspect that individual Species are subject 

 to considerable variation in these respects. 



Royal Gardens, Kew, 

 June 1, 1884. 



