38 CRUCJFFR^E. [Camelina. 



slender spreading pedicels, obovoid, margins thin ; seeds few, oblong, pun?- 

 tulate.— Distrib. Central and S. Europe, and temp. Asia.— Seeds used for 

 soap-makers' oil, oil-cake, and for feeding poultry. 



14. SUBULA'RIA, L. Awl-WORT. 



A small submerged perennial scapigerous herb. Leaves all radical and 

 subulate. Flowers small, white. Sepals spreading, equal. Petals small. 

 Pods shortly stalked, oblong or nearly globose ; valves convex, ribbed ; 

 septum membranous ; stigma sessile, entire. Seeds few, 2-seriate ; radicle 

 incurved, narrowed into the incumbent radicle, and owing to their 

 lengthened bases being turned up a transverse section of the embryo shows 

 a radicle with apparently 3 cotyledons. — Distrib. Arctic, N. Europe, 

 N. Asia, N.E. U. States. — Etym. subula, from the awl-like leaves. 



S. aquat'ica, L. ; leaves cellular, scape naked few-flowered. 

 Gravelly bottoms of subalpine lakes in N. "Wales, Cumberland, and N. to 

 Sutherland ; ascends to 2,200 ft. ; Ireland ; fl. June-Aug. — Roots of densely 

 tufted matted white fibres from a small stock. Leaves 1-3 in., fascicled, 

 terete, gradually tapering upwards. Scapes 1-3 in. Flowers -fa in. diam., 

 submerged. Pods small, § in.; pedicel short, ascending ; seeds pale brown 

 punctulate. 



15. capsel'la, Moench. Shepherd's Purse. 



Annual herbs. Radical leaves entire or lobed. Flowers small, white, 

 pedicels slender. Sepals spreading, equal. Pods much laterally compressed, 

 oblong or obcuneate or obcordate ; valves boat-shaped, keeled ; septum 

 membranous ; stigma sessile. Seeds many, minute ; radicle incumbent. 

 — Distrib. N. temp, regions ; species 6. — Etym. Diminutive Capsula. 

 — Petals tend to be transformed into stamens. 



C. Bur'sa-Pasto'ris, Moench ; pod triangular or obcordate. 

 A weed in all situations, ascending to 1,200 ft. ; fl. March-N6v. — Glabrous or 

 hairy, hairs branched. Root long, tapering. Stems 6-16 in., branched. 

 Leaves rosulate, pinnatifid, rarely entire, end lobe triangular, cauline ; 

 auricled. Flowers y\f in. diam., homogamous. Pods J— J in.; pedicel slender ; 

 style short ; valves smooth ; seeds many, oblong, punctate. — Distrib. 

 Temp, and Arctic Europe, N. Africa and Asia to the Himalaya ; introd. in 

 all temp, climates. 



16. SENEBIE'RA, DC. WART-CRESS. 

 Annual or biennial, branched, prostrate herbs. Leaves entire or cut. 

 Flowers in short leaf-opposed racemes, minute, white, sometimes apetalous. 

 Sepals short, spreading. Stamens 2 or 6, or 4 when the shorter are absent. 

 Pods small, didymous, indehiscent, laterally compressed ; lobes subglobose, 

 rugose or crested ; style short or 0. Seeds 1 in each cell ; cotyledons 

 induplicate, gradually narrowed into the incumbent radicle. — Distkib. 

 Temp, and warm regions ; species 6. — Etym. J. Senebicr, a Genevese 

 physiologist. — Rapidly spreading weeds in the colonies, &c. Embryo in 

 some species cyclical. 





