46 CISTINEjE. [Helianthemtm. 



genera 4 ; species 60. — Affinities. With Bixincai and Capparidecc. — 

 Properties. A resinous balsam (Ladanum) is yielded by Cisti. 



1. HELIAN'THEMUM, Tourn. ROCK-ROSE. 



Herbs or under-shrubs. Petals 5. Stamens many, rarely few, diverging 

 when irritated. Ovary many-ovuled ; style jointed at the base, stigma 

 capitate or 3-lobed. Embryo hooked, folded or circumflex. — Distrib. 

 Europe, W. Asia, and N. America ; species about 30. — Ety.m. tjAios and 

 avde/xov, sun-flower. — Various species are dimorphic, some flowers having 

 no petals and few stamens. 



SECTION 1. Helian'themum proper. Style elongate, bent upwards. 

 Funiclc thickened. Embryo with the radicle bent upwards parallel to the 

 cotyledons. 



1. H. vulga're, Gcertn. ; shrubby, leaves opposite stipulate hairy 

 above downy beneath, margins flat, pedicels bracteate. H. surreia'num, 

 Mill, (a garden variety) ; Cis'tus tomento'sus, Sm. 



Dry soils, abundant, from Ross southd., rare iu W. Scotland and Cornwall, 

 ascends to 2,000 ft. ; fl. July-Sept. — Branches 3-10 in., procumbent. Lea its 

 oblong, variable. Flowers f-lj in. diam., yellow, hornogarnous ; bracts 

 narrow. Sepals subglabrous, inner apiculate. — Distrib. Europe (Arctic), 

 N. Africa, W. Asia. 



2. H. polifo'lium, Pers. ; shrubby, leaves opposite hoary and downy 

 on both surfaces stipulate, margins recurved, pedicels bracteate. 



Stony places, very rare, Brean Down Somerset, Babbicombe near Torquay ; 

 fl. May-July. — Habit of II. vulga're, but more shrubby, leaves with recurved 

 and even revolute margins, and flowers white. Segals tomentose, inner 

 obtuse. — Distrib. Mid. and S. Europe, N. Africa. 



Section 2. Tubera'ria. Style straight or 0. Funiele thickened. 

 Embryo annular. 



3. H. gutta'tum, Miller ; annual, erect, hoary and hairy, lower leaves 

 opposite exstipulate, upper alternate stipulate. 



Stony places, Anglesea, very rare ; S. and W. Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. 

 June- Aug.— Stem 6-12 in., 2-3-chotomously branched. Leaves 1-2 in., 

 linear- or obovate- or oblong-lanceolate. Floieers %-h in. diam.. yellow with 

 a red spot at the base of the cuneate petals. Capsule smooth. — Distrib. 

 Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



H. gutta'tum proper ; pedicels ebracteate. — Cork, Jersey, Alderney. 



Sub-sp. H. Beewe'ri, Planch. ; pedicels bracteate. —Holyhead and Anglesea. 



Section 3. Pseudo-cis'tus. Style sigmoid. Funiele not thickened. 

 Embryo sigmoid. 



4. H. ca'num, Dvnal ; shrubby, hoary, leaves opposite exstipulate, 

 pedicels usually bracteate. Cis'tus marifo'lius, Sm., and C. angli'cus, L. 

 Dry banks, rocks, &c.,in W. England, from Westmoreland to Glamorgan, and 



in Teesdale, ascending to 1,800 ft.; fl. May-July. — Woody, procumbent, 



