60 CARYOPIIYLLE^. [Cerastium. 



Dry places, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 1,000 ft. ; Ireland ; Channel Islands ; 

 fi. April-Sept. — Habit of the preceding but usually larger, less glandular 

 and cymes more fascicled, at first subcapitate. — Distrib. Europe (Arctic), 

 N. Africa, W. Asia to the Himalaya, Greenland ; introd. in U. States. 



5. C. trivia'le, Link ; pedicels longer than the sepals reflexed between 

 flowering and fruiting, primary bracts wholly herbaceous, margins of 

 secondary sometimes membranous, sepals obtuse margins broad membranous, 

 petals 2-fid, capsule twice as long as the sepals curved. C. vised sum, L., of 

 Sm. and Hook, and Arn. C. vulgatum, Fries. 



Waste places, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 3, GOO ft. in Scotland ; Ireland ; 

 Channel Islands ; fl. April-Aug. — Similar to C. glomera'lum, but usually 

 perennial, often with leafy barren shoots and lax cymes. Flowers proteran- 

 clrous. — Distrib. Europe from the Arctic circle southd., N. and W. Asia, 

 the Himalaya, N. Africa ; introd. in U. States. 



C. trivia'le proper ; perennial, decandrous, hairs not glandular, sepals pubes- 

 cent. — Var. C. holosteoi'des, Fries ; stem sparingly pubescent, leaves dark 

 smooth shining, flowers large. Tidal rivers, Newcastle, Wigton, Perth. 

 — Var. pentandrum ; annual, pentandrous, capsule shorter, sepals as in 

 trivia'le. Sea-shores. — Var. alpestre, Lond. Cat, {alpinum, Koch) ; dwarf, 

 flowers much larger. Scotch Mts. 



** Perennial, downy or woolly. Petals 5, twice as long as the sepals, 2-Jid. 



6. C. arven'se, L. ; stems hairy all round, leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 bracts and sepals subacute, margins and tip membranous, seeds acutely 

 tubercled. 



Sandy fields and waste places, from Inverness southd. ; rarer in Scotland ; 

 local in Ireland ; fl. April-rAug. — Branches 6-10 in., tufted, ascending. 

 Leaves crowded on the basal shoots. Cymes many-fld. Sepals oblong-lanceo- 

 late, glandular. Capsule inclined, a little longer than the sepals, pedicel 

 erect. — Distrib. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, Siberia, W. Asia to the 

 Himalaya, N. America, Fuegia, Chili. 



Var. pubes'cens, Syme ; leaves soft and pubescent, cymes 3-10-flowered.— 

 Var. Andrew' six, Syme; leaves rigid glabrescent, midrib strong beneath, 

 flowers subsolitary. 



7. C. alpinum, L. ; stems hairy all round, leaves ovate or oblong- 

 ovate obtuse pubescent, bracts herbaceous obtuse, sepals obtuse with a 

 membranous margin, seeds tubercled. 



Alpine and subalpine rocks, "Westmoreland, Wales, and Scotland ; ascends to 

 near 4,000 ft. ; fl. June-Aug. — Habit of C. arvense, but leaves much broader, 

 flowers fewer and much larger, f-1 in. diam., and capsule almost twice as 

 long as the sepals on a spreading pedicel. — Distrib. Mountains of Europe, 

 N. America, and all Arctic regions. 



C. alpi'num proper; villous, cymes 1-several-fld., sepals faintly margined, 

 seeds small subacutely tubercled. — Var. Smith'ii ; loosely tufted, less hairy 

 and glandular, leaves broader, flowers subsolitary, seeds larger obtusely 

 tubercled. C. latifo'lium, Sm. not L. C. lana'tum, Lamk. — Var. F.dmond- 

 stone'i, Wats, (nigres'cens, Syme) ; deep green, leaves broader. Unst, in 

 Shetland.— The true C. latifo'lium, L., of the Alps, with globose capsules 

 and inflated testa, is not British. 





