130 ROSACEA. [Rosa. 



doubly serrate, usually broad. Flowers 1-1§ in. diam., rarely 3 or more 

 together, white or pink. Calyx-tube usually glabrous ; limb simple, egland- 

 ular. Styles free. — Distrib. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, N. and W. Asia, 

 Himalaya. 



2. R. villo'sa, L. ; bush large, branches erect or elongate and arching, 

 prickles uniform scattered slender nearly straight, leaflets very hairy egland- 

 ular or nearly so beneath, sepals more or less persistent densely glandular, 

 fruit globose or turbinate densely prickly rarely naked. 



Hedges and thickets, N. to Shetland ; Ireland; ascends to 1,500ft. in York- 

 shire ; fl. June-July. — Chiefly distinguished from R. spinosissima by its 

 larger size, equal prickles, fewer very downy leaflets which are more con- 

 stantly doubly serrate, and the more glandular fruit ; aud from R. canina by 

 the straight prickles, and globose glandular fruit. — Di.strib. Europe (Arctic), 

 W. Asia. 



R. villo'sa proper ; branches arching, sepals copiously pinnate quite per- 

 sistent, corolla often ciliateand glandular, fruit ripening early, disk obscure. 

 R. pomif'era, Herrm.— Stafford and Gloster ; not indigenous, common in 

 gardens. 



Sub-sp. R. mol'lis, Sm. ; branches erect, leaflets softly pubescent, sepals 

 sparingly pinnate quite persistent, fruit ripening early, disk obscure. R. mol- 

 lis'sima, "Willd. R. heterophyl'la, Woods. — From Orkney southd. ; Ireland ; 

 extends into Arctic Europe. — Var. caru'lea, Baker, has glands and bristles 

 few on the petiole, calyx-tube glandular, fruit broad glabrous, peduncle 

 naked or with few bristles. — R.pseu'do-rubigino'sa, Lej., has leaflets nearly 

 glabrous above, glandular beneath, petiole and calyx-tube densely bristly. 



Sub-sp. R. tomento'sa, Sm. ; branches long (6-10) ft., arching, prickles 

 sometimes curved, leaflets pubescent, sepals copiously pinnate not quite 

 persistent, fruit not ripening early, disk distinct. — Common, N. to Shetland ; 

 Ireland. — R. subylobo'sa, Sm. (R. Sherrar'di, Davies); R. farino'sa, Rau. ; 

 R. scabrius'cula, Sm. ; R. sylves'tris, "Woods (R. Jundzillia'na, Baker ; R. 

 bAtan'nica, Deseg.) ; and R. obova'ta, Baker, are forms differing in pubes- 

 cence and amount of glands on the leaves petioles peduncles calyx-tube 

 and sepals, amount of double serration of the leaflets, number of flowers in 

 a cluster, and of prickles, their length, strength, and curvature. — Var. 

 Woodsiana, H. and J. Groves, is a form allied to scabriuscula, but smaller, 

 more compact, with erect persistent sepals.— "Wimbledon Common. 



3. R. involu'ta, Sm. ; small, erect, branches short, prickles crowded 

 gradually passing into bristles, leaflets doubly serrate glabrous or pu- 

 bescent and glandular beneath, flowers 1-3, peduncles bristly, sepals per- 

 sistent densely glandular on the back, fruit erect subglobose red, disk 

 inconspicuous. 



Banks and hedges, from Orkney southd. ; Ireland ; fl. June- July. — Inter- 

 mediate between R. spinosissima and villosa, but nearest the latter ; 

 excessively variable. Branches sometimes arching ; prickles scarcely 

 curved. Leafets with very open often compound teeth ; petiole and 

 stipides densely glandular and ciliate. Peduncle densely bristly. Sepals 

 leafy. Petals white or pink. Fruit sparingly produced, colouring late. — 

 —Distrib. Belgium, Switzerland (very rare). 



