

Pyrus.] ROSACEA. 137 



"Woods and hillsides ; ascends to 2,600 ft. in the Highlands ; Ireland ; fl. May- 

 June. — Tree 10-40 ft. Leaves 5-8 in. ; leaflets 6-8 pair, l-ljin., linear- 

 oblong, subacute, pale beneath and hairy along the midrib and nerves. 

 Cymes 4-6 in. diam., compound, corymbose, dense-flowered. Flowers % in. 

 diam., cream-white, proterogynous; pedicel and calyx villous. Fruit £in. 

 diam., globose, scarlet, flesh yellow ; endocarp usually 3-celled, almost woody. 

 — Distrib. Europe, Madeira, N. and W". Asia, Himalaya, N. America (a 

 form). 



Section 3. Mespilus, L. (gen.). Fruit large; endocarp bony, 5- 

 celled ; cells 1-seeded. Flowers solitary. Styles 5. 



P. german'ica, L. {Mespilus) ; leaves obovate or oblong-lanceolate entire 



or serrulate. Medlar. 



Hedges and thickets, Mid. and S. England, Channel Islands, naturalized ; 

 fi. May-June.— A small much-branched spinous tree. Leaves subacute, 

 pubescent beneath. Flowers If in. diam., white ; peduncle \ in. Calyx 

 woolly, lobes with dilated foliaceous tips. Fruit |-1 in. diam., globose, 

 with a large depressed area at the top, and persistent calyx-lobes. — Distrib. 

 Greece, Asia Minor, Persia. 



13. CRAT^'GUS, L. Hawthorn, Whitethorn. 



Shrubs or small trees, often spiny. Leaves simple lobed or pinnatifid ; 

 stipules deciduous. Flowers in terminal corymbose cymes, white or red, 

 honeyed, proterogynous ; bracts caducous. Calyx-tube urceolate or cam- 

 panulate ; mouth contracted ; lobes 5, superior. Petals 5, inserted at the 

 mouth of the calyx. Stamens many. Carpels 1-5, adnate to the calyx- 

 tube ; styles short, stigma truncate ; ovules 2 in each cell, ascending. Fruit 

 ovoid or globose, with a bony 1-5-celled stone, or with 5 bony 1- rarely 

 2-seeded stones. — Distrib. N. temp, regions, chiefly American, extend- 

 ing into New Granada ; species about 50. — Etym. Kparos, from the strong 

 wood. 



C. Oxyacan'tha, L. ; spinescent, leaves deeply pinnatifid. 



Forests and hedges, N. to Shetland, often only where planted ; ascending to 

 1,800 ft. in Yorkshire ; Ireland; Channel Islands; fl. May-June. — A small 

 round-headed tree, 10-20 ft., much branched. Leaves 1-2 in., very variable, 

 cuneate, shortly petioled, lobes cut or crenate ; stipules leafy, ^-sagittate, 

 toothed. Cymes corymbose, many-flowered. Flawers £ in. diam., white ; 

 pedicel and calyx glabrous or pubescent. Anthers pinkish-brown. Carpels 

 1-2 very rarely 3. Fruit ovoid or subglobose, usually scarlet, rarely yellow 

 or black. — Distrib. Europe, N". Africa, N. and W. Asia, Himalaya ; introd. 

 in N. America. 



C. oxyacan'tha proper ; peduncle and calyx-tube glabrous, carpels 2-3. C. 

 oocyacanthoides, Thuill. 



Sub-sp. C. monog'yna, Jacq. ; leaves more deeply lobed or pinnatifid, peduncle 

 and calyx-lobes pubescent, flowers and fruit smaller (appearing later), carpel 

 solitary. 



