142 SAXIFRAGES. [Saxifraga. 



12. S. hypnoi'des, L. ; barren shoots elongate, leaves 3-5-cleft, lobes 

 divergent acute, those of the shoots often entire, calyx-tube short obconic 

 or hemispheric, lobes usually spreading. 



Hilly subalpine districts, from N. Somerset and Glamorgan to Caithness ; 

 Ireland ; fl . May-July. — Often forming large cushions, glabrous or glandular- 

 hairy. Leaves lax or dense, with the broad compressed petiole f-l in. ; 

 lobes entire, or the lateral cleft, flat or channelled. Flowering-shoots 

 3-8 in., stout or slender, leafy or nearly naked, their leaves simple, linear, 

 or broad and more or less lobed like the radical. Flowers §-1 in. diam., 

 few or many, campanulate, white. Sepals rarely connate above the middle, 

 oblong linear or ovate, obtuse or acute. Capsule not concealed in the 

 calyx-tube, beaks sub-erect. — I have repeatedly studied the forms of 

 S. hypnoi'des and its allies, and always with the result that the passage 

 from hypnoi'des proper to ccespito'sa is undefinable. Mr. Baker's exposition 

 of the sequence of the forms (Seeman's Journ. Bot. viii. 280) very well 

 expresses their relationship, and is here followed. 



S. hypnoi'des proper (S. leptophyl'la) ; tufts large loose, barren shoots long with 

 linear entire acute leaves, axils usually bulbiferous (var. gemmi'fera, Syme), 

 sepals lanceolate acute. N. England, chiefly on calcareous soil. (W. Europe, 

 from Belgium to Spain.) — Var. S. sponhem'ica, Gmel. (S. pahna'ta, Lej., *S\ 

 late-vi'rens, D. Don, £. elongel'la and platypet'ala, Sm., S. condensa'ta, Gmel. 

 S. quinque'Jida, trifida, hir'ta, and Ice'vis, Haw., S. affi'nis, Mack.) ; tufts 

 closer, large, barren shoots long, their leaves with 3-5 acute lobes, sepals 

 lanceolate acute. Wales, N England, Scotland, Ireland. (Faroe Islands.) — 

 Var. S. decip'iens, Ehrh. ; tufts still closer, barren shoots long, their leaves 

 with 3-5 acute lobes, sepals oblong-lanceolate subacute. Carnarvon and 

 Tralee. (Iceland, Greenland, Germany, Switzerland.) — Var. S. Sternber'gii, 

 Willd. (S. palma'ta, Sm., & hiber'nica, Haw.) ; robust, barren shoots rather 

 long, their leaves with 3-5 obtuse lobes, sepals oblong-ovate obtuse. ^Ireland 

 (Arctic regions, Scandinavia to Austria and Switzerland, N. America.) — 

 Var. S. ccespito'sa, L. (S. grcenlan'dica, L., S. incurvifo'lia, Sm.) ; densely 

 tufted, barren shoots not longer than the flowering, leaves cuneate 

 3-5-lobed, lobes subparallel, calyx-lobes short erect obtuse. Highest 

 peaks of Welsh, Scotch, and Irish mountains, very rare. (Faroe Islands, 

 Scandinavia, Arctic regions, N. America.) 



2. CHRYSOSPLE'NIUM, L. GOLDEN SAXIFRAGE. 



Small, succulent, annual or perennial herbs. Leaves alternate or oppo- 

 site, exstipulate. Floivers minute, green or yellow, in axillary or terminal 

 cymes. Calyx-tube urceolate or obconic, adnate to the ovary ; lobes 4-5, 

 obtuse, imbricate in bud. Petals 0. Stamens 8 or 10, inserted on the 

 margin of an epigynous disk, filaments short. Ovary inferior, 1 -celled, 

 2-lobed at the top ; styles short, recurved ; ovules many, placentas 2 

 parietal. Capsule ^-superior, 2-lobed, membranous, opening at the top 

 by a cruciate mouth. Seeds oblong or compressed. — Distrib. N. temp, 

 and Arctic regions, temp. S. America ; species 15. — Etym. XP VS ^ S ant ^ 

 (T7rA77Jf, golden spleen, of doubtful application. 



1. C. alternifo'lium, L. ; stem simple erect, leaves alternate. 



