RrBEs.] SAXIFRAGES. 145 



form, has leaves glabrous on both surfaces when mature, racemes glabrous 

 always drooping, flowers green, fruit globose. 



4. R. ni'grum, L. ; leaves angled 5-7-lobed glandular-dotted beneath, 



lobes triangular acute serrate, racemes drooping lax-flowered tomentose 



eglandular, bracts minute, pedicels long. Black Currant. 



Woods, &c, from Mid. Scotland southd., often a garden escape, but apparently 



wild in the Lake district and Yorkshire ; fl. April-May.— A stout erect bush, 



smelling strongly when bruised. Leaves 2-3 in. diam., similar to those of 



R. mbrum, but rather deeply lobed ; petiole slender, pubescent. Racemes 



slender, few-flowered. Flowers |-J in. diam. ; pedicel £ in. Calyx cam- 



panulate, glandular. Petals minute. Berry § in. diam., globose, black. — 



Distrib. Europe, 1ST. and W. Asia, W. Himalaya. 



Order XXVIII. CRASSULA'CEiE. 



Herbs or shrubs, usually succulent. Leaves opposite or alternate, ex- 

 stipulate. Floioers in terminal or axillary cymes, bracteate or not. Sepals 

 3-5, rarely 10-12 or more, distinct or connate. Petals as many, distinct 

 or connate, imbricate in bud. Stamens perigynous or subhypogynous, as 

 many as the petals, or twice as many, when those opposite the petals are 

 adnate to their bases ; anthers dorsally fixed. Hypogynous scales opposite 

 each carpel, rarely 0. Carpels 3-5, rarely more, 1-celled, distinct, rarely 

 connate ; styles short or long, stigma small ; ovules many, rarely few, 

 attached to the ventral suture, ascending or pendulous. Fruit of 3 or more 

 1-celled 2- or more-seeded follicles. Seeds oblong, minute, albumen fleshy ; 

 embryo terete. — Distrib. Arctic, temp, and warm regions, chiefly S. 

 African ; genera 14 ; species 400. — Affinities. Separable from Saxifragece 

 by habit and the hypogynous scales. — Properties. Astringent roots, 

 acrid foliage, emetic and purgative qualities ; tartaric and malic acids 

 occur. 



Leaves opposite. Petals 3-5 free. Stamens 3-5 1. Tillsea. 



Leaves alternate. Corolla 5-lobed. Stamens 10 2. Cotyledon. 



Leaves alternate. Petals usually 5, free. Stamens usually 10.... 3. Sedum. 

 Leaves alternate. Petals 6-20. Stamens 12-40 3*. Sempervi'tum. 



1. TILL^'A, L. 



Small or minute subsucculent heibs. Leaves opposite, quite entire. 

 Flowers minute, axillary, solitary or cymose, white or reddish. Calyx 3-5- 

 lobed or -parted. Petals 3-5, distinct or connate at the very base. Scales 

 3-5, linear, or 0. Carpels 3-5 ; styles short ; ovules 1 or more. Follicles 

 few or many-seeded. — Distrib. Ubiquitous ; species 20. — Etym. M. A. 

 Tilli, an early Italian botanist. 



T. musco'sa, L. ; leaves oblong, flower solitary subsessile 3-merous. 



L 



